Anatomy of the Nervous System
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| The central nervous system (CNS) contains the brain and the | spinal cord
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| The peripheral nervous system (PNS) contains the cranial nerves and the | spinal nerves
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| The largest part of the CNS is the | brain
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| The brain is located within the | cranium
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| The brain is surrounded by three layers of membranes called the | meninges
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| The largest and most obvious part of the brain is the | cerebrum
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| The "gray matter" of the brain is called the | cerebral cortex
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| The brain is divided into right and left halves. Each half is called a | hemisphere
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| The only connection between the right and left halves of the brain is the | corpus callosum
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| Each hemisphere of the brain is divied into | lobes
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| The speech center of the brain is in the | frontal lobe
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| The lobe that analyzes information about touch, temperature, vibration, and pain is the | parietal lobe
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| The lobe of the brain that analyzes sensory information about hearing is the | temporal lobe
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| The lobe of the brain that analyzes information about vision is the | occipital lobe
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| The object that is located near the center of the cerebrum and acts as a relay station for the brain is the | thalamus
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| The object that is located directly beneath the thalamus and coordinates the heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration is the | hypothalamus
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| The four interconneced cavities within the brain are known as | ventricles
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| The clear, colorless fluid that cushions and protects the brain and spinal cavity is the | cerebrospinal fluid
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| The column of tissue that begins in the center of the brain and coninues inferiorly until it meets the spinal cord is the | brain stem
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| The brainstem is composed of the midbrain, the pons, and the | medulla oblongata
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| The most superior part of the brainstem that keeps the brain conscious is the | midbrain
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| The separate rounded section of the brain that lies inferior and posterior to the cerebrum that helps the body to maintain balance and coordination is the | cerebellum
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| The outermost layer of the meninges is the | dura mater
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| The second weblike layer of the meninges is the | arachnoid
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| The innermost layer of the meninges is the | pia mater
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| The long narrow column of neural tissue within the spinal cavity is called the | spinal cord
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| The PNS contains 12 pairs of | cranial nerves
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| A rapid, involuntary muscle reaction that is controlled by the spinal cord is called a | reflex
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| An individual nerve cell is called a | neuron
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| The neural tissue that performs specialized tasks to help neurons do their work and whose name literally means "nerve glue" are called | neuroglia
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| The system that controls voluntary movements of the skeletal muscles is the and whose abbreviation is SNS is the | somatic nervous system
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| The system that control the involuntary contractions of cardiac muscle in the heart as well as the smooth muscle of organs is the | autonomic nervous system
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| The part of the system that is active when the body is resting, sleeping or eating is the | parasympathetic division
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| The part of the system that is active when the body is active or exercising is called the | sympathetic division
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| The multiple branching structures at the beginning of a neuron are called | dendrites
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| The chemical messenger that travels across a synapse to bind with a receptor in the neuron is called a | neurotransmitter
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| The space between two neurons is called a | synapse
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| The combining form "crani/o" means | cranium
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| The combining form "cav/o" means | cavity
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| The combining form "nerv/o" means | nerve
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| The combining form that means "outer aspects" is | peripher/o
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| The combining form "cerebr/o" means | cerebrum
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| The combining form that means "cortex (outer region) is | cortic/o
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| The combining form "fiss/o" means | splitting
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| The prefix that means "one-half" is | hemi-
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| The suffix that means "sphere; ball" is | -sphere
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| The combining form "front/o" means | front
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| The combining form that means "wall of a cavity" is | pariet/o
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| The combining form "somat/o" means | body
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| The combining form "sens/o" means | sensation
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| The combining form that means "sense of taste" is | gustat/o
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| The combining form that means "temple (side of the head)" is | tempor/o
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| The combining form that means "sense of hearing" is | audit/o
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| The combining form that means "sense of smell" is | olfact/o
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| The combining form that means "occiput(back of the head)" is | occipit/o
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| The combining form that means "sight, vision" is | vis/o
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| The combining form "thalam/o" means | thalamus
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| The prefix that means "below, deficient" is | hypo-
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| The combining form that means "spine; backbone" is | spin/o
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| The combining form "cerebell/o" means | cerebellum
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| The combining form "mening/o" means | meninges
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| The combining form that means "dura mater" is | dur/o
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| The combining form that means "spider; spider web" is | arachn/o
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| The suffix that means "resembling" is | -oid
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| The prefix that means "below, underneath, less than" is | sub-
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| The combining form "opt/o and ocul/o" mean | eye
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| The prefix that means "three" is | tri-
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| The combining form that means "cochlea (of the inner ear) is | cochle/o
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| The combining form that means "wandering; vagus nerve" is | vag/o
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| The combining form "pharyng/o" means | throat
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| The combining form "gloss/o" means | tongue
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| The combining form that means "starlike structure" is | astr/o
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| The suffix that means "cells that provide support" is | -glia
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| The combining form that means "nerve" is | neur/o
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| The combining form that means "scanty; few" is | olig/o
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| The combining form that means "branching structure" is | dendr/o
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| The prefix that means "together; with" is | sym-
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| The combining form "pathet/o" means | suffering
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| The suffix that means "growth; formed substance" is | -plasm
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| The combining form that means "to send across or through" is | transmitt/o
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| The combining form "encephal/" means | brain
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| Loss of the ability to communicate verbally or in writing is known as | aphasia
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| Partial or total loss of memory is called | amnesia
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| Pain in the head, otherwise known as headache, is called | cephalagia
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| Paralysis of one half of the body is called | hemiplegia
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| The combining form "pleg/o" means | paralysis
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| The combining form that means "area of dead tissue" is | infarct/o
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| The suffix that means "condition of weakness" is | -paresis
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| The term known as "condition of weakness in one half of body" is | hemiparesis
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| A deep state of unconsciousness and unresponsiveness is called | coma
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| Traumatic injury to the brain that causes an immediate loss of consciousness is called a | concussion
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| The medical term for bruise is | contusion
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| Difficulty reading and writing words even though visual acuity and intelligence are normal is called | dyslexia
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| Inflammation and infection of the brain caused by a virus is known as | encephalitis
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| The combining form "epilept/o" means | seizure
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| A patient with epilespy is said to be | epileptic
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| A sensitivity or fear of light is called | photophobia
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| The suffix -cephalus means | head
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| The combining form that means "water;fluid" is | hydr/o
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| Inflammation of the meninges of the brain is called | meningitis
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| The medical term for the common term "water on the brain" is | hydrocephalus
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| A congenital abnormality of the neural tube of the spine that causes an opening in the vertebral column of the newborn is called | spina bifida
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| The temporary loss of consciousness otherwise known as fainting is called | syncope
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| The medical term for dizziness is | vertigo
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| Brief, involuntary episodes of falling asleep during the daytime while engaged in activity is called | narcolepsy
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| The combining form that means "stupor; sleep" is | narc/o
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| The medical term "herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP)" is commonly known as a | slipped disk
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| The combining form that means "bone marrow; spinal cord" is | myel/o
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| The suffix -cele means | hernia
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| A patient who is paralyzed in all four extremities is known as a | quadriplegic
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| A patient who is paralyzed in two parts of a pair of extremities is known as a | paraplegic
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| Pain in a nerve is known as | neuralgia
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| Any type of disease of injury to a nerve is known as | neuropathy
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| Inflammation or infection of a nerve is called | neuritis
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| Abnormal sensations of tingling, burning or pinpricks that are felt on the skin is called | parasthesia
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