Chapters 20 and 21
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| Push factors | Conditions that drive people to leave their homes
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| Pull Factors | Conditions that attract people to a new area
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| Name 2 push factors that brought people to the US | In Europe: Political and religious persecution, Mexico: Mexican War, General: Scare land and inability to support family
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| Pull factors that brought people to US | The promise of freedom, friends talking about how good it is, need for workers, cheap to move to the U.S.
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| Emma Lazarus | Wrote the poem thats at the bottom of the Statue of Liberty
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| First thing immigrants saw when they entered the U.S. | Statue of Liberty
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| Ellis Island | Place where health examinations were done before entering the United States
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| Angel Island | Place where Asians entered the United States
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| Where most Immingrants were from in early 1800's | Northern and Western Europe
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| Where immigrants were from in late 1800's | Southern and Easter Europe, Asia, and Latin America.
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| Ethnic Group | A group of people who share a common culture
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| Assimilation | Process of becoming part of another culture
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| Reasons immigrants weren't liked | Took jobs for low pay,
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| Chinese Exclusion Act | Barred immigration of Chinese laborers for 10 years after a sweep of chinese came to work on railroads
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| Tenements | Small apartments that held lots of people in cities.
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| Groups that helped in cities | YMCA, Salvation Army, settlement houses, and YWCA
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| settlement house | A community center that offers services to the poor.
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| Frederick Law Olmsted | Planner of Central Park
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| James Naismith | Inventer of basketball
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| Vaudeville | A variety show that included comedians, song and dance routines, and acrobats
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| Ragtime | A new kind of music with a lively, rhythmic sound
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| William Randolph Hurst | Bought the New York Journal and wrote stories about scandals
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| Yellow Journalism | Sensation reporting style (focuses on scandals)
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| Dime Novels | Low priced paperback books that told thrilling stories
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| Horatio Alger | Wrote stories about rags to riches
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| Realists | People who showed life as it really was
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| Hamlin Garland | Wrote stories about farmers
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| Jack London | Stories about miners and sailors hardships
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| Mark Twain | Wrote stories, real name was Samuel Clemens
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| Winslow Homer | Drew battle scenes for magazines
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| Thomas Eakins and Henry Taner | Drew human bodies and surgeries, Henry drew black sharecroppers
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| Mary Cassatt | Painter who drew mothers with their children
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| Patronage | Giving jobs to loyal supporters
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| Rutherford B. Hayes | President who tried to end the spoils system by not using it
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| James Garfield | President who called for reform of civil service
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| Civil Service | Includes all federal jobs except elected positions and the armed forces
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| Civil Service Commission | Filled out jobs in federal government, made of both parties, test given and highest scores won
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| Interstate Commerce Act | Passed by Grover Cleveland to forbade pools and rebates
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| Interstate Commerce Commission | Oversaw the railroad industry, not very powerful but tried
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| Sherman Antitrust Act | Prohibited trusts and buisneess' from limiting their competition
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| Upton Sinclair | The author of the book, The Jungle
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| Progressive Era | The era in which many changes were made to better the public
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| Public Interest | Good of the People
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| Robert La Follette | Governer of Wisconsin, introduced programs for reformers, lowered railroad rates, started the Wisconsin idea
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| Primary | Voters choose their party's candidate from among several people
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| Initiative | Gave voters the right to put a bill directly before the state legislature.
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| Referendum | Gave voters the power to make a bill become law
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| Recall | Allowed voters to remove an electric official from office.
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| Sixteenth Amendment | Gave Congress the power to impose an income tax
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| Seventeenth Amendment | Allowed direct election of senators
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| Theodore Roosevelt | President after McKinley, called the trustbuster
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| The buisness broken up by Roosevelt | American Tobacco Company and Standard Oil
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| trustbuster | Person who wants to destroy trusts
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| Square Deal | Promised by Roosevelt, means that different groups all have an equal opprotunity to succede
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| Pure Food and Drug Act | Passed by Roosevelt, required food and drug makers to list all ingredients on the packages
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| Conservation | The protection of natural resources
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| Roosevelt and Taft connection | Roosevelt got Taft to follow after him and do as he was doing, Taft passed some laws Progressives didnt like so Roosevelt ran against him
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| Bull Moose | Name of Roosevelts party when he ran again
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| Democrats choice to run against Roosevelt was... | Woodrow Wilson, won it because Republicans had split in 2
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| New Freedom | From Widrow Wilson, wanted to break trusts into smaller companies to restore competition
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| Federal Reserve Act | Passed by Congress to limit banking
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| Federal Trade Commission | Had power to investigate companies and stop them from using unfair buisness practices
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| 4 States women gained right to vote in | Utah, Colorado, Idaho, and Wyoming
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| Carrie Chapman Catt | A suffragists who became head of Nation American Woman Suffrage Association
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| Suffragists | People who campaigned for women's right to vote
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| Alice Paul | Helped British and American women and was spokesperson for the women, was put in jail
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| 19th Amendment | Gave women the right to vote
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| Carry Nation | Fought against alcohol
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| 18th Amendment | Made it illegal to sell alcoholic drinks in the US
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| Ida B. Wells | Journalist who protested to black killings
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| Booker T. Washington | A black who stressed living in harmony with whites
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| National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) | Formed by Jane Adams, W.E.B. Du Bois, and Lincoln Steffens to gain equal rights for blacks
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| Gentlemen's Agreement | Japanese agreed to limit # of workers entering the United States in return for the wives to join their husbands in the U.S.
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| barrios | Mexican neighborhoods
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