Science Final Exam - Rocks
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| Sedimentary | Sedimentary rock is a type of rock that is formed by sedimentation of material at the Earth's surface and within bodies of water.
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| Igneous | gneous rock is formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava.
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| Metamorphic | Metamorphic rock is the result of the transformation of an existing rock type, the protolith, in a process called metamorphism, which means "change in form".
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| Rock | ock is a naturally occurring solid aggregate of minerals and/or mineraloids.
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| Rock Cycle | The rock cycle is a fundamental concept in geology that describes the dynamic transitions through geologic time among the three main rock types: sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous.
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| Grains | A grain is a unit of measurement of mass that is based upon the mass of a single seed of a typical cereal.
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| Foliated | Foliation is any penetrative planar fabric present in rocks.
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| Non - Foliated | Non-foliated metamorphic rocks are commonly transformed from their parent rocks when they are touched by magma.
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| Intrusive | An intrusion is liquid rock that forms under the surface of the earth.
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| Extrusive | Extrusive refers to the mode of igneous volcanic rock formation in which hot magma from inside the Earth flows out (extrudes) onto the surface as lava or explodes violently into the atmosphere to fall back as pyroclastics or tuff.
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| Conservation of matter | The law of conservation of mass, also known as principle of mass/matter conservation is that the mass of a closed system (in the sense of a completely isolated system) will remain constant over time.
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| Punice, obsidian, scoria | Scoria is a textural rock type and not a rock that is classified by mineralogy or chemistry. It forms from lava that is rich in volatiles or gases but is less viscous than a pumice forming lava.
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| Crystal size |
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| Andesitic, Basaltic | Andesite is an extrusive igneous, volcanic rock, of intermediate composition, with aphanitic to porphyritic texture.
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| Granitic |
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| Detrital Sedimentary Rocks | Recall that weathering processes create several types of sedimentary materials.
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| Chemical Sedimentary Rocks | Unlike most other sedimentary rocks, chemical rocks are not made of pieces of sediment. Instead, they have mineral crystals made from elements that are dissolved in water.
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| Organic Sedimentary Rocks | The sediment in an organic sedimentary rock is made of fossils.The hard parts
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| Cementation | Cementation is the process of deposition of dissolved mineral components in the interstices of sediments.
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| Compaction | Part of the process of lithification involving mechanical dewatering of a sediment by progressive loading under several km of geomaterial
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| Sandstone | Sandstone (sometimes known as arenite) is a sedimentary rock composed mainly of sand-sized minerals or rock grains.
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| Granite | Granite is a common and widely occurring type of intrusive, felsic, igneous rock.
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| Rock Salt | Rock Salt is a chemical sedimentary rock that forms from the evaporation of ocean or saline lake waters.
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| Obsidian | Obsidian is a naturally occurring volcanic glass formed as an extrusive igneous rock.
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| Gneiss | Gneiss is a common and widely distributed type of rock formed by high-grade regional metamorphic processes from pre-existing formations that were originally either igneous or sedimentary rocks.
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| Slate | Slate is a fine-grained, foliated, homogeneous metamorphic rock derived from an original shale-type sedimentary rock composed of clay or volcanic ash through low-grade regional metamorphism.
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| Limestone | Limestone is a sedimentary rock composed largely of the mineral calcite (calcium carbonate: CaCO3).
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