Theresa1
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| Anabolism | The sum total of all processes in an organism which use energy and simple chemical building blocks to produce large chemicals and structures necessary for life.
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| Catabolism | The sum total of all processes in an organism which break down chemicals to produce energy and simple chemical building blocks.
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| Photosynthesis | The process by which green plants and some other organisms use the energy of sunlight and simple chemicals to produce their own food.
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| Herbivores | Organisms that eat only plants.
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| Carnivores | Organisms that eat only organisms other than plants.
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| Omnivores | Organisms that eat both plants and other organisms.
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| Producers | Organisms that produce their own food.
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| Consumers | Organisms that eat living producers and/or other consumers for food.
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| Decomposers | Organisms that break down the dead remains of other organisms.
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| Autotrophs | Organisms that are able to make their own food.
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| Heterotrophs | Organisms that depend on other organisms for their food.
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| Receptors | Special structures that allow living organisms to sense the conditions of their internal or external enviroment.
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| Asexual reproduction | Reproduction accomplished by a single organism.
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| Sexual reproduction | Reproduction that requires two organisms.
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| Inheritance | The process by which physical and biological characteristics are transmitted from the parent (or parents)to the offspring.
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| Mutation | An abrupt and marked change in the DNA of an organism compared to that of its parents.
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| hypothesis | An educated guess that attempts to explain an observation or answer a question.
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| Theory | A hypothesis that has been tested with a significant amount of data.
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| Scientific Law | A theory that has been tested by and is consistent with generations of data.
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| Microorganisms | Living creatures that are too small to see with the naked eye.
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| Abiogenesis | The idea that long ago, very simple life forms spontaneously appeared through chemical reactions.
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| Biological classification system | Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species. Help you remember King Philip Cried Out, "For Goodness Sake!"
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| Prokaryotic Cell | A cell that has no distinct membrane-bounded organelles. These cells do not contain internal structures to perform specific tasks.
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| Eukaryotic cell | A cell with distinct, membrane-bounded organelles. These cells contain internal structures to perform specific tasks.
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| Kingdom (Monera) | contains all organisms that are comosed of either one prokaryotic cell or simple association of prokaryotic cell. Sample: Blue-green algae and bacteria
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| Kingdom (Protista) | Organisms that are composed of only one eukaryotic cell or a simple association of eukaryotic cells. Sample: Amoebae, paramecia and algae Bothe Monera and Protista make up the vast majority of life on earth.
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| Kingdom (Plantae) | composed mostly of autotrophs-organisms that produce their own food. Sample: multicelled organisms with eukaryoticcells. Sample: plant-trees, grass, flowering bushes, etc.
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| Kingdom (Animalia) | Contains multicellular organisms with eukaryotic cells-they are different from Kingdom Plantae because they are heterotrophs-depend on other organisms for food but are not decomposers. Sample: animals-grasshoppers,birds, cats, fish, snakes, etc.
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| Species | A unit of one or more populations of individuals that can reproduce under normal conditions, produce fertile offspring, and are rproductively isolated from other such units.
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| Taxonomy | The science of classifying organisms.
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| Binomial nomeclature | Naming an organism with its genus and species name.
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| Carrolus Linnaeus | The person who developed the classification system called the five-kingdom system in the 1700's.
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| Three-domain system | Classifies all living things into one of three large domains: Archaea, Bacteria, and Euarya.
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| Eukarya domain | Contains all organisms with eukaryotic cells. Which in the 5 kingdom system would include: Protista, fungi, plantae, and Animalia.
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| Archae domain | The prokaryotic organisms that live in very extremem enviroments -boiling hot springs, salty lakes.
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| Bacteria domain | prokaryotic organisms that live in more normal enviroments.
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| Metabolism | The sum total of all processes in an organism which convert energy and matter from outside sources and use that energy and matter to sustain the organism's life functions.
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| Spontaneous generation | A hypothesis that life forms originate from nonliving things.
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| Organelles | Distinct structures within a eukaryotic cell which are necessary to perform individual tasks to complete the functions of life.
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| First criteria for life | All life forms contain deoxyribonucleic acid, which is called DNA.
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| Second criteria for life | All life forms have a method by which they extract energy from the surroundings and convert it into energy that sustains them.
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| Third criteria for life | All life forms can sense changes in their surroundings and respond to those changes.
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| Forth criteria for life | All life forms reproduce.
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