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Theresa1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Anabolism | The sum total of all processes in an organism which use energy and simple chemical building blocks to produce large chemicals and structures necessary for life. |
| Catabolism | The sum total of all processes in an organism which break down chemicals to produce energy and simple chemical building blocks. |
| Photosynthesis | The process by which green plants and some other organisms use the energy of sunlight and simple chemicals to produce their own food. |
| Herbivores | Organisms that eat only plants. |
| Carnivores | Organisms that eat only organisms other than plants. |
| Omnivores | Organisms that eat both plants and other organisms. |
| Producers | Organisms that produce their own food. |
| Consumers | Organisms that eat living producers and/or other consumers for food. |
| Decomposers | Organisms that break down the dead remains of other organisms. |
| Autotrophs | Organisms that are able to make their own food. |
| Heterotrophs | Organisms that depend on other organisms for their food. |
| Receptors | Special structures that allow living organisms to sense the conditions of their internal or external enviroment. |
| Asexual reproduction | Reproduction accomplished by a single organism. |
| Sexual reproduction | Reproduction that requires two organisms. |
| Inheritance | The process by which physical and biological characteristics are transmitted from the parent (or parents)to the offspring. |
| Mutation | An abrupt and marked change in the DNA of an organism compared to that of its parents. |
| hypothesis | An educated guess that attempts to explain an observation or answer a question. |
| Theory | A hypothesis that has been tested with a significant amount of data. |
| Scientific Law | A theory that has been tested by and is consistent with generations of data. |
| Microorganisms | Living creatures that are too small to see with the naked eye. |
| Abiogenesis | The idea that long ago, very simple life forms spontaneously appeared through chemical reactions. |
| Biological classification system | Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species. Help you remember King Philip Cried Out, "For Goodness Sake!" |
| Prokaryotic Cell | A cell that has no distinct membrane-bounded organelles. These cells do not contain internal structures to perform specific tasks. |
| Eukaryotic cell | A cell with distinct, membrane-bounded organelles. These cells contain internal structures to perform specific tasks. |
| Kingdom (Monera) | contains all organisms that are comosed of either one prokaryotic cell or simple association of prokaryotic cell. Sample: Blue-green algae and bacteria |
| Kingdom (Protista) | Organisms that are composed of only one eukaryotic cell or a simple association of eukaryotic cells. Sample: Amoebae, paramecia and algae Bothe Monera and Protista make up the vast majority of life on earth. |
| Kingdom (Plantae) | composed mostly of autotrophs-organisms that produce their own food. Sample: multicelled organisms with eukaryoticcells. Sample: plant-trees, grass, flowering bushes, etc. |
| Kingdom (Animalia) | Contains multicellular organisms with eukaryotic cells-they are different from Kingdom Plantae because they are heterotrophs-depend on other organisms for food but are not decomposers. Sample: animals-grasshoppers,birds, cats, fish, snakes, etc. |
| Species | A unit of one or more populations of individuals that can reproduce under normal conditions, produce fertile offspring, and are rproductively isolated from other such units. |
| Taxonomy | The science of classifying organisms. |
| Binomial nomeclature | Naming an organism with its genus and species name. |
| Carrolus Linnaeus | The person who developed the classification system called the five-kingdom system in the 1700's. |
| Three-domain system | Classifies all living things into one of three large domains: Archaea, Bacteria, and Euarya. |
| Eukarya domain | Contains all organisms with eukaryotic cells. Which in the 5 kingdom system would include: Protista, fungi, plantae, and Animalia. |
| Archae domain | The prokaryotic organisms that live in very extremem enviroments -boiling hot springs, salty lakes. |
| Bacteria domain | prokaryotic organisms that live in more normal enviroments. |
| Metabolism | The sum total of all processes in an organism which convert energy and matter from outside sources and use that energy and matter to sustain the organism's life functions. |
| Spontaneous generation | A hypothesis that life forms originate from nonliving things. |
| Organelles | Distinct structures within a eukaryotic cell which are necessary to perform individual tasks to complete the functions of life. |
| First criteria for life | All life forms contain deoxyribonucleic acid, which is called DNA. |
| Second criteria for life | All life forms have a method by which they extract energy from the surroundings and convert it into energy that sustains them. |
| Third criteria for life | All life forms can sense changes in their surroundings and respond to those changes. |
| Forth criteria for life | All life forms reproduce. |
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bowser
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