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Moon phases, Eclipses, and Tides

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Term
Definition
New Moon   None of the moon is visible.  
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First Quarter   Exactly half of the Earth-facing moon is visible. The visible part of the moon is growing  
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Full Moon   The entire side of the Moon facing the Earth is visible  
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Third Quarter   Exactly half of the Earth-facing moon is visible. The visible part of the moon is shrinking  
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Waning   The visible moon is getting smaller  
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Waxing   The visible moon is getting larger  
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Gibbous   The moon is more than half but less then full  
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Crescent   The moon is less than half way full  
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Lunar Eclipse   The moon passes through the Earth’s shadow. The order is sun, Earth, moon  
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Solar Eclipse   The moon moves between the sun and the Earth. The order is sun, Earth, moon  
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Corona   The outer part of the sun that is only visible during a solar eclipse  
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Gravity   The force of attraction between objects, it keeps objects in orbit  
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Tides   The daily changes in the level of the oceans and other large bodies of water  
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High Tides   They occur on the side of the Earth facing the moon and on the opposite side. The water level is higher in these locations.  
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Low Tides   They occur between the locations of the high tides. The water is pulled away from these locations so the water level is low.  
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Neap Tide   Tides that have the smallest daily tidal range. They happen when the sun, Earth, and moon form a 90 degree angle.  
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Spring Tide   Tides that have the largest daily tidal range. They happen when the sun, Earth, and moon are aligned.  
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Waning Crescent   Less than half of the left side of the moon's circle is lit. The lighted part is growing smaller.  
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Waxing Crescent   Less than half of the right side of the moon's circle is lit. The lighted part is growing larger.  
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Waxing Gibbous   More than half of the right half of the moon's circle is lit, but the moon is still less than full.  
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Waning Gibbous   The moon's left side is less than full but more than a quarter.  
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Umbra   The dark inner shadow of an object where the light is totally blocked  
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Penumbra   The lighter outer shadow where the light is only partially blocked  
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Created by: Marquart
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