Nervous system modified review sheet
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Homeostasis- | maintaining a constant internal balance; responding to stimuli
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| Stimuli- | An external or internal change that brings about a reaction
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| Neurons- | Nerve cells that are made up of axons, dendrites and cell body
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| Axons- | Carry impulses AWAY from the cell body
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| Dendrites- | Carry impulses TO the cell body
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| Sensory Neurons- | Send Impulses(information) to the Brain and Spinal cord
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| interneurons- | found in brain and spinal cord and send impulses from sensory neurons to motor Neurons
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| Motor Neurons- | relay information to muscles or glands in the body
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| Impulse transfer | Impulse moves from axon of one neuron to dendrites of another; Moves across synapse
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| Synapse- | space between axon and dendrites
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| neurotransmitters | chemicals that are released that carry impulse across synapse
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| central nervous System (CNS) | made up of brain and spinal cord
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| Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) | made up of all nerves outside of the CNS; all nerves in your head and coming off of spinal cord
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| Cerebrum | largest part; where thinking occurs; memory is stored and movements are controlled
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| Cortex | outer portion; have ridges and grooves that increase surface area so more complex thoughts can occur
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| Cerebellum | Under the cerebrum; coordinates voluntary muscle movements,maintain balance and muscle tone. i.e. helps ride a bike
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| Brain stem | base of brain; connects to brain to spinal cord
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| medulla | controls involuntary actions like hearbeat, breathing, blood pressure, coughing, sneezing swallowing and vomiting
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| Spinal cord | in adult is as wide as adult thumb
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| spinal cord | carries impulses from teh body to the brain and from the brain to the body
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| reflexs | involuntary automatic response to a stimulus - controlled in your spinal cord - brain acts after reflex to help you figure out what to do to make pain stop
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| Drugs | directly affect the nervous system
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| Drugs | destroy brain and liver cells
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| Drugs | can be a depressant and slow down responses of CNS as well as thinking processes
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| Drugs | can be a stimulant that speeds up heart rate, cause sleeplessness and can cause kidney to make more urine
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| Nearsighted | focus in front of retina
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| farsighted | focus behind retina
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| Cornea | transparent membrane that protects the eye - allows light to enter
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| Pupil | opening the fron of the eye that allows light to enter
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| Retina | light sensitive area in the back of the eye
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| rods | detect dim light; used in night vision
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| cones | detect colors
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| rods and cones | impulses from these photoreceptors travel to brain along the optic nerve
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| Iris | the part of the eye gives its color
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| lens | piece of curved material behind the pupil that allows the light to pass through but changes its direction - focuses entering light on the retina
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| Curved lens | looking at objects close to the eye - lens is more curved
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| flatter lens | looking at objects far away - lens is flatter
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| hearing-now sound moves | 1) sound begins when object starts to vibrate because air particles push on each other and transfer energy
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| hearing- now sound moves 2 | 2) waves move from outer ear to middle ear(causes tiny bones in eardrum to vibrate) to cochlea of the inner ear fluid
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| Job of neurons in cochlea | convert waves to electrical impulses and sends them to the part of the brain that interprets sound
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| Taste buds | contain receptors for taste; located in teh papillae
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| 4 types of taste buds | sweet sour salty bitter
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| Olfactory cells | receptors for smell that are located in the upper part of your nasal cavity. brain combines information from your taste buds and nose to give a sense of smell
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Or sort by any of the columns using the down arrow next to any column heading.
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