Physiology
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| Major site of water reabsorption in GI | jejunum > ileum > colon
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| Most effective nephron site for acid excretion | proximule tubule
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| Nephron site for ADH effect | collecting duct
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| Nephron site for greatest generation of free water | thick ascending limb of medulla
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| Compression of thorax under water pruduces: | a restrictive pattern of PFTs
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| Constriction of efferent arteriole: | increases GFR and decreases renal plasma flow
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| Starling equation for GFR | GFR = Kf[(Pgc-Pbs) - "pi"gc)], where Kf = filtration coefficient, Pgc = hydrostatic pressure in glomerular capillary, Pbs = hydrostatic pressure in bowman's space; "pi"gc = oncotic pressure in glomerular capillary
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| Filtration fraction in glomerulus | FF = GFR/RPF
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| Constriction of afferent arteriole | no change in FF (dec GFR / dec RPF)
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| constrict efferent arteriole | increases FF (inc GFR / dec RPF)
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| increase plasma protein concentration (inc osmotic pressure of glomerular capillary) | decreases the FF; (dec GFR / no change in RPF)
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| decreasing plasma protein concentration (dec oncotic pressure) | increases FF (inc GFR / no change in RPF)
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| Constriction of ureter, decreases Pbs and decreases GFR | FF dec w/o affecting RPF (dec GFR / no change in RPF)
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| Negative charge of GBV | maintained by heparan sulfate
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| S1 heart sound correlates with | C wave in jugular venous pulses (closure of tricuspid valve)
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| Carotid massage | dec heart rate and increases vasodilation (innervated by CNIX and X; impulses inhibit tonic discharge of vasoconstrictor nerves and excite vagal innervation of heart = vasodilation/venodilation, drop in bp and hr, and dec CO
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