Review notes for Chapter 18 Language of Medicine
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Diabetes Mellitus | hypo pancreas
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| Cushing's disease | hyper adrenal cortex
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| Tetany | hypo parathyroid
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| Gigantism | hyper adenohypophysis
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| Addison's disease | hypo adrenal cortex
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| Endemic goiter | hypo thyroid
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| Graves' disease | hyper thyroid
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| Diabetes insipidus | hypo neurohypophysis
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| Acromegaly | hyper adenohypophysis
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| Cretinism | hypo thyroid
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| Myxedema | hypo thyroid
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| Pheochromocytoma | hyper adrenal medulla
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| Oxytocin | neurohypophysis
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| Testosterone | testes
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| Progesterone | ovaries
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| Glucagon | alpha cells of the islet of Langerhans in the pancreas
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| Prolactin | anterior lobe of the pituitary gland
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| Cortisol | adrenal cortex
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| Thyroxine | thyroid gland
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| Follicle-Stimulating Hormone | adenohypophysis
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| Vasopressin | neurohypophysis
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| Gonadotropic Hormones | anterior lobe of the pituitary gland
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| PRL | prolactin
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| GH | growth hormone
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| ADH | antidiuretic hormone
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| ACTH | adrenocorticotropic hormone
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| LH | luteinizing hormone
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| FSH | follicle-stimulating hormone
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| TSH | thyroid-stimulating hormone
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| PTH | parathyroid hormone
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| Osteitis Fibrosa Cystica | excessive production of parathyroid hormone causing hyperparathyroidism
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| Diabetes insipidus | insufficient secretion of antidiuretic hormone
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| Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone | excessive secretion of antidiuretic hormone
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| Dwarfism | congenital hyposecretion of growth hormone
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| Pheochromocytoma | benign tumor of the adrenal medulla
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| Diabetes Mellitus | lack of insulin secretion
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| Panhypopituitarism | all pituitary hormones are deficient
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| Goiter | enlargement of the thyroid gland
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| Hypoparathyroidism | deficient production of parathyroid hormone
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| Hyperinsulinism | excessive secretion of insulin
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| Removal of adrenal glands | adrenalectomy
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| Excessive amount of sugar in the blood | hyperglycemia
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| Excessive sodium in the blood | hypernatremia
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| Enlargement of the thyroid gland with protruding eyeballs | Graves' disease or exophthalmia
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| Pertaining to producing milk | lactogenic
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| Inflammation of the thyroid gland | thyroiditis
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| Excessive calcium in the blood | hypercalcemia
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| Sugar in the urine | glycosuria
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| Much thirst | polydipsia
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| Removal of the thymus gland | thymectomy
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| Condition of deficiency of the sex organs | hypogonadism
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| Pertaining to the hypophysis or pituitary gland | hypophyseal
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| Excessive secretion & discharge of urine | polyuria
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| Thyrotoxicosis is caused by - | hyperthyroidism
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| Exophthalmus means - | abnormal protrusion of the eyeball
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| What is affected by antidiuretic hormone - | volume of urine excreted
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| Goiter means - | enlarged thyroid
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| What is somatotropin - | substance that stimulates the body growth
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| Hypogonadism means - | decreased functional activity of the sexual organs
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| Adrenocorticotropic hormone does what - | stimulates the adrenal cortex
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| Myxedema does what to who - | causes hypothyroidism in adults
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| Oxytocin is what - | hormone that causes uterine contractions and stimulates the mammary glands
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| Parathormone produced by parathyroid glands does what - | regulates calcium & phosphorous metabolism
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| which of four listed hormones is NOT secreted by adrenal cortex | cortisol, aldosterone, estrogen, and androgen are secreted so know these and get the right answer
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| Cushing's syndrome is caused by ____ secretion of what - | hyper adrenal cortex
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| Another name for antidiuretic hormone | vasopressin
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| Ductless gland located in the mediastinum | thymus gland
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| Hormone secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland and stimulates the growth of the thyroid gland | thyroid-stimulating hormone
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| Hormone secreted by the thyroid and increases metabolism | thyroxine
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| Continuous contractions of muscles | tetany
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| Pituitary growth hormone | somatotropin
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| Hormone secreted by adenohypophysis and stimulates milk production | prolactin
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| Endocrine gland in the middle of the brain | pineal gland
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| Tendency of an organism to maintain a constant internal environment | homeostasis
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| Name one hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans | insulin
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| name the other hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans | glucagon
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| Test that measures patient's ability to utilize glucose in the body | glucose tolerance test
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| Hormone that stimulates hormone secretion and egg production by the ovaries | follicle-stimulating hormone
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| Test that determines circulating glucose (sugar) level after a patient fasts for 4 hours | fasting blood sugar
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| Hormone secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland that increases water reabsorption | antidiuretic hormone
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| One of the hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex | cortisol, aldesterone, estrogen, and/or androgen
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| Female hormone secreted by the ovaries that prepare uterus for pregnancy | progesterone
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| Substance derived from cortisol | cortisone
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