A&P2 Test 5 #7 Urinary-Physiology of Nephron
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| Glomerular filtration involves a: | relationshop bet endothelial pore size & size of available solutes
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| Endothelial pores restrict size of: | materials that can pass thru the membrane into the capsule
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| Endothelial-capsular membrane seperating the blood: | from space in the GC is very thin (0.1um)
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| Basement membrane permits passage of: | smaller molecules & restricts flow of larger ones
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| filtration slits are located bet the: | pedicels of the podocytes and are only 6-9nm wide
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| The efferent arteriole is much: | smaller than afferent, so resistance to outflow is created
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| Consequently, the BP is higher in the: | GC than in other capillaries (60mmHg vs 30mmHg elsewhere)
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| Hydrostatic pressure (BP) in the glomerulus: | tends to move fluid out of the glomeruli
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| Capsular hydrostatic pressure opposes: | filterate movement & some filtrate is pushed back into the capillary.
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| This occurs cause when filterate is forced: | out of glomerular capillaries into space bet walls of GC it meets w/2 forms of resistance
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| Two forms of resistance: | 1.walls of capsule &2. fluid that has already filled the renal tubule.
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| As a result of the resistance: | some filtrate is pushed back into the capillary
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| Regulation of glomerular filteration involves: | renal autoregulation & extrinsic controls
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| Ptosis is the dropping of kidney due to: | loss of fatty tissue support. It is a bid prob if.when ureter gets kinked
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| Hydronephrosis | kinked ureter causes urine to back up into kidney; it can lead to necrosis
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| Pylonephritis | infection of renal pelvis & calyces.Can lead to infection of entire kidney
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| Anuria | adnormally low urinary output per day (less than 50ml/day)
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| Reanl Calculi | kidney stones; Most under 5mm in diam. Can have LITHOTRIPST vs surgery to remove
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| Urethritis | inflammation of urethra
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| Cystitis | bladder inflammation
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| Incontinence | inability to control micturition
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| Diabetes insipidus | injury or tumor in hypothalamus or posterior pituitary results in the under prod of ADH & over prod of urine
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| large molecules do not normally pass | thru endothelial-capsular membrane
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| FILTERATION SLITS aka | filteration pits or slit pores
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| FILTERATE is | the product of filteration
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| UROCHROME is a: | pigment by-product of the metabolism of bile
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