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Kansas Science State Assessment Terms set 2

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Question
Answer
ionic bond   type of chemical bond involving the transfer of electrons and the formation of ions; can often form between a metal and a non-metal  
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ionic compound   compound where two or more ions are held next to each other by electrical attraction  
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isotopes   atoms having the same number of protons (atomic number) but having different numbers of neutrons  
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kinetic energy   energy of a system based on its motion (KE = _mv2)  
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law of conservation of matter and energy   matter and energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only be rearranged or transferred; thus the amount of energy and matter is constant in the universe  
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liquid   state of matter having a definite volume, but not a definite shape  
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longitudinal/compression waves   waves that have vibrations along or parallel to their direction of travel  
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magnetic field   region of space near a magnet, electric current, or moving charged particle in which a magnetic force is produced  
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mass number   equal to the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of the atom  
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matter   anything that has mass and takes up space  
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mechanical energy   sum of the potential and kinetic energy present in a system  
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medium   an intervening substance, as air or water, through which a wave moves and can be affected  
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metal   any element that is usually shiny, a good conductor of heat and electricity, can be melted or fused, hammered into thin sheets or drawn into wires, and usually forms cations  
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metallic bond   type of chemical bond between metal atoms formed by the valence electrons moving freely throughout the metal  
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molar mass   mass of a formula, the sum of the component atomic masses expressed in grams per mole  
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mole   amount of a substance, expressed in grams, that contains 6.022 _ 1023 (Avogadro's number) atoms, molecules, ions, or other elementary units  
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molecular compound   two or more covalently bonded atoms (typically bonding between non-metals)  
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momentum   quantity expressing the motion of a body or system equal to the product of its mass and velocity  
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negative charge   particle having more electrons than protons  
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net force   sum of all forces acting on an object  
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neutral charge   particle having an equal number of electrons and protons  
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Newton's 1st law   every object in a state of uniform motion/rest tends to remain in that state of motion/rest unless an external force is applied to it  
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