Miscellaneous Question for AICP

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Definition

Variance

Planning Process to add a built addition

Zoning Text Amendment

Changes the rules regarding the use and development of every property in a specified zoning district

Zoning map amendment

Change the zoning from residential to commercial on the property

Replat

Divide the lot into two or more parcels.

Kelo v. City of New London (2005)

Affirmed the use of eminent domain for economic development

Lingle v. Chevron (2005)

Jettisoned the "substantially advances" test for takings

First Amendment

The first amendment covers freedom of speech, which includes the regulation of signage

Highest population density according to the 2000

New York has a population density of 10,292 people per kilometer. San Francisco has a density of 6,423 per kilometer.

Americans with Disabilities Act

1990

Coastal Zone Management Act (CZMA)

Was adopted in 1972 to provides funding for coastal state programs designed to coordinate and regulate specific activities within defined coastal zones

National Environmental Policy Act of 1969

Required both the private and public sectors to conform to certain environmental standards

Enterprise fund

Established to manage the revenues and expenditures of a golf course

UGB

Urban Growth Boundary is the most effective method for preventing development in specified geographic areas.

Christopher Stone's 1972 book Should Trees Have Standing

The book discusses the Sierra Club v. Morton, Secretary of the Interior (1972) case where the Sierra Club attempted to block the development of a ski resort in the Mineral King Valley in the Sequoia National Forest.

Indian Reorganization Act (1934)

Allowed Native Americans to adopt a constitution and organize for their common welfare

City Beautiful Movement

Includes civic design as a primary principle. Cities such as DC and Chicago had large parks, statues, and well-designed public meetings.

Fred French Investing Co. v. City of New York

Found that Transfer of Development Rights is an inappropriate method to compensate the landowner for a taking by the City of New York.

Fiscal impact analysis

Best used for a single development project to determine the revenues and expenses of the project.

New Urbanism

Peter Calthorpe

Krumholz’s

Advocacy Planning in Cleveland

Smart growth

romotes a variety of housing choices to allow people of all income and household types to have a place to live.

Section 8

This housing program provides funds to pay a portion of the rent for low-income households. The amount paid depends on the household income

Concentric Circle Theory

By Ernest Burgess in 1925. He believed that cities grow in a series of outward rings. Land use is based on the distance from the downtown. There were five rings to his theory. The first is CBD, 2nd is Industrial then transition zone, 4th is zone of indepe

Neotraditional development

Calls for nodes of activity that provide Mixed Use, Multimodal Use and Contains Public Spaces

BART

Began in 1972 in San Francisco