Stack #38489
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| Blood | classified as connective tissue; average of 5L of blood in the body; pH of the blood is kept at approximately 7.4 (alkaline)
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| Erythrocytes | red blood cells; RBC's
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| Platelets | cell fragments that are active in blood clotting
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| Leukocytes | leuko-white; cytes-cells; white blood cells; WBC's; antibodies found here- mixed with WBC's
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| Functions of the Blood | protection, transportation, regulation
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| Erythrocytes | range from 4.5 to 5 million is normal in blood count
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| Erythropoietin | hormone that stimulates the production of RBC's
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| Hemoglobin | carries oxygen; female ranges for hemoglobin are (12-15g/100/ml); males are slightly higher 13-16 or 14-16 g/100/ml; (females are lower cause of menstrual cycle); doc's look at hemoglobin to be able to diagnose anemia; low hemoglobin
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| Iron | found in hemoglobin; oxygen hitches a ride with hemoglobin
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| Polycythemia | an increased or elevated amount of RBC's
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| Hemolysis | rupture of RBC's (if they rupture, they're dead)
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| Hematocrit | the volume percent of red blood cells in whole blood;
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| Leukocytes | neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils, monocytes,
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| Neutrophils | account for the greatest number of WBC's; work for infection control
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| Lymphocytes | produce antibodies which initiates the immune response; antibodies in the blood help to fight off infection
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| Eosinophils | white blood cells that produce antibodies
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| Monocytes | macrophages- when monocytes mature; another WBC
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| Leukocytosis | elevated WBC's; often seen after a bacterial infection
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| # of Leukocytes | average range is 5-10,000
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| Phagocytosis | when neutrophils and monocytes engulf a pathogen
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| Platelets | thrombocytes; clotting factors that are produced in the liver; clotting time is between 1-6 minutes
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| Last Step in Clot Formation | fibrinogen being converted to fibrin
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| Prothrombin | triggers the clotting mechanism
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| Hemostasis | prevents the loss of blood from circulation when an injury occurs
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| Blood Transfusion | changes in vital signs=problem; also pain or discomfort
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| Water | main component in plasma (90%)
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| Glucose | main carbohydrate in blood plasma that is required for energy; must have insulin for glucose to be used (open up cell)
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| Antigen | on red blood cell membrane are proteins that cause transfusion reactions
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| Type and Cross Match | right blood type for right patient
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| S&S of Problem with Blood Transfusions | changes in vital signs, pain or discomfort, flushing, flank pain
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| Flank Pain | one of the symptoms person can have with blood transfusion- immediately report it; can mean life and death
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| Different Blood Types | A, B, AB, O
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| O- | universal donor is; can be given to anyone;
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| Blood Color | oxygen is the element responsible for blood's bright red color; deoxygenaed will be bluish
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| A Receives | A and O
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| B Receives | B and O
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| AB Receives | A, B, AB, and O
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| O Receives | O
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| A Gives | A and AB
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| B Gives | B and AB
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| AB Gives | AB
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| O Gives | A, B, AB, O
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| Transfusion | transmission of blood from one person to another
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| Rh factor | system found because of Rhesus monkeys; person who is Rh positive has a red cell antigen- group Rh; can't give Rh positive blood to Rh negativ epeople- causes a reaction in the blood- body tries to kill it- it is invader
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| Antigens | A antigen=A blood, B antigen=B blood, AB antigens=AB blood; no antigen=O blood
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| Albumin | the most abundant protein in plasma
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| Serum | contains all the blood components but nothe clotting factors
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| Blood cells | products that are found in the bone marrow
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| Clotting factors | produced in the liver
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Created by:
Supernurse