Pancreas & Diabetes Mellitus
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combination of 2carbon acetate fragments w/complex organic compound coenzyme A | acetyl coenzyme A
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glucagon-secreting cells of pancreatic islets | alpha cells
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metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia & caused by insufficient insulin secretion/utilization of insulin | diabetes mellitus
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disturbance of body's acid-base balance | acidosis
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acidosis caused by inability to utilize glucose, requiring body's use of fat as energy source | diabetic ketosis
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fat metabolism generates excessive amounts of acid ketone bodies which disrupts the normal | alkalinity of body fluids
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long, straight-chain carbon compound containing terminal carboxyl group, which enters into formation of triglyceride | fatty acid
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during pregnancy elevated hormones result from elevated blood glucose caused by insulin resistance | gestational diabetes
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postpartum blood glucose returns to normal but women with gestational diabetes have an increased risk of | diabetes later in life
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storage form of glucose present chiefly in liver & muscle | glycogen
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hemoglobin with glucose molecules permanently attached | glycosylated hemoglobin
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glycosylated hemoglobin concentration is related to concentration of | glucose in the blood
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excessively high blood glucose concentration | hyperglycemia
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coma resulting from neurologic dysfunction due to severe hypoglycemia causes hyperosmolarity of body fluids | hyperosmolar coma
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lower than normal blood glucose concentration | hypoglycemia
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cluster of endocrine cells in pancreas | islets of Langerhans
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various derivatives of acetyl-CoA resulting from excessive mobilization of fat as an energy source | ketone bodies
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acetoacetic acid, beta-hydroxybutyric acid, & acetone | acetyl-CoA derivatives in ketone bodies
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excess of ketone bodies in blood resulting from utilization of fat as primary source of energy | ketosis
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pancreas excretes digestive enzymes through the | pancreatic duct
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hemorrhaging, elevated blood levels of pancreatic enzymes, & abdominal pain are all symptoms of | acute pancreatitis
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diabetes, digestive difficulties, & scarring of the pancreas are all possible outcomes of | recurrent mild acute pancreatitis
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cystic fibrosis affects | respiratory mucous, digestive enzymes, & sweat
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hereditary disease where gene mutation causes defective transport across cell membranes of chloride, sodium, & water molecules in which they are dissolved | cystic fibrosis
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Hyperglycemia results from elevated blood concentrations of | glucose
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characterized by an inadequate response to insulin as opposed to reduced insulin secretion | maturity-onset diabetes
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Risk factor predisposing a patient to Cystic Fibrosis and Type 1 & 2 Diabetes is | genetic predisposition
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glucose that has accumulated in the blood of a diabetic will be excreted through the | urine
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possible outcomes are diabetic acidosis, coma, & diabetic acidosis for | ketosis
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urine tests & blood glucose measurements must be done frequently to monitor and control | diabetes
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in addition to ketoacidosis & diabetic coma diabetes can also lead to | arteriosclerosis & susceptibility to infections
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insulin-dependent, autoimmune disease, can lead to blindness, ketoacidosis, kidney damage & higher than normal glycosylated hemoglobin test | type 1 diabetes
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responds to oral drugs to lower blood glucose, diet & exercise controlled, & can lead to blindness, hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic coma, & damage to kidneys, & higher than normal glycosylated hemoglobin test | type 2 diabetes
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gallstone & excessive consumption of alcohol can | predispose to pancreatitis
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Created by:
lfrancois
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