A&P2-ClassNotes p 41 Immune Sys #10/Test3

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Cytotoxic T-cells aka:

KILLER T-CELLS (NOT same as NK cells)

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CYTOTOXICCells - can directly attack cells infected w: 5+

viruses, parasites, cancers, bacteria, transplants, etc...

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Primary target-CYTOTOXIC cells:

virus-infected cells

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Cytotoxic T-cells circulate:

in/out of blood vessels

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CYTOTOXIC Cells include:

(CD8,T8,CTL,Tc) and (ANaB T-cell)

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Sequence of attack of Cytotoxic T-cells is:

1)Bind to target & release PERFERIN, LYMPHOTOXIN or TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR (TNF) 2)Detach & search for a new cell 3)Perforin,lymphotoxin or TNF will cause lysis

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Perforin provokes cell lysis by:

creating transmembrane pores

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Lymphotoxin causes lysis by:

fragmenting target cells DNA

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TNF causes lysis by an:

unknown mechanism that cell death within 48-72 hours

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CYTOTOXIC t-Cells are CD:

CD8

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HELPER T-CELLS:

CD4, Regulatory (CD4,T4,Th) (ANaB T-cell)

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Helper T-cells chemically or directly stimulate:

proliferation of other T-cells & B-cells that are already bound to the antigen

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Helper T-cells-stimulated to work:

by CYTOKINES called lymphokines

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LYMPHOKINES are hormone like:

soluble glycoproteins released by activated T-cells, specifically INTERLEULIN-2

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Lymphokines released by helper T-cells mobilize:

immune cells & macrophages, attract other types of WBC's & amplify nonspecific defenses

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Some ThCD4's become:

T-cell memory (Tm) cells

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Th's are said to unleash the:

protective potential of B-cells

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B-cells are activated as soon as:

they encounter an antigen

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Some T-cells, require two:

controlling steps to become completely activated

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Helper T-cells assist both T-cells & B-cells by providing:

regulation for thier activation

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There are 2 steps to activation:

ADHESION & C0-STIMULATION

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ADHESION: an

antigen is presented & attached to a T-cell or B-cell membrane

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CO-STIMULATION: The CD28 receptor on a:

cytotoxic T-cell attaches to a B7 receptor on a macrophage or receives chemical activation foam a diff T-cell or a B-cell

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Once stimulated (during co-stimulation) it can:

proliferate and produce many cytotoxic T-cella as well as T-memory cells

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ANERGY refers to the fact that:

if a T or B cell does not get proper co-stimulation it will not activate

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SUPPRESSOR T-Cells are:

regulatory (CD8,Ts) (ANaBT-cell)

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Which T-cell has inhibitory action and what do they do:

supressor; they release luymphokines that suppress both B & T cells.

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Suppressor (regulatory) T Cells are:

vital for shutting down immune response when emergency ends

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CYTOTOXIC T-cells AKA:

Effectors

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