Abdomen 2
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| Omental Foramen boundary- anterior | portal v., hepatic a., bile duct
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| Omental foramen boundary -posterior | interior vena cava
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| Omenatl foramen boundary-superior | caudate lobe of liver
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| omental foramen boundary-inferior | superior aspect of 1st part of duodenum
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| Esophagus | passes through esophageal hiatus in diaphragm at T10, joins stomach at T11
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| Diaphragm | around hiatus - forms physiological sphincter
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| physiological sphincter | prevents gastroesophageal reflux
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| upper 1/3 | under conscious control
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| middle 1/3 | mixid
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| inferior 1/3 | under autonomic control exclusively
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| vagus n. forms | plexus on esophagus & passes w/it through esophageal hiatus into abdomen
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| L. gastric a. | from celiac trunk
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| R. gastric a. | from hepatic a.
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| R. gastro-omental | from gastroduodenal
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| L. gastro-omental | from splenic
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| Short gastric | from splenic
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| Duodenum | 4 parts
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| part 1, Duodenum | horizontal at L1 - peritonealized
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| part 2, Duodenum | vertical from L1-L3, retroperitoneal, contains ampulla for bile/pancreatic duct
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| part 3, Duodenum | horizontal at L3, retroperitoneal
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| part 4, Duodenum | curves forward & becomes peritonealized at L2
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| Jejunum & Ilium | Peritonealized in "the mesentery"
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| Jejunum | more vascular, more prominent vasa recta & more circular folds (plicae circulares for absorption)
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| Cecum & appendix | intraperitoneal
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| ascending colon | retroperitoneal
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| transverse colon | intraperitoneal
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| descending colon | retroperitoneal
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| sigmoid colon | intraperitoneal
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| tenia coli | longitudinal muscular bands
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| haustra | pouch like sacculations
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| Celiac trunk level | T12
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| Celiac trunk branches | L. gastric, splenic, common hepatic
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| Celiac trunk supplies | esophagus, stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, part of duodenum, part of pancreas
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| Superior Mesenteric A. level | L1
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| Superior Mesenteric A. branches | jejunal, ileal, ileocolic, r. colic, middle colic
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| Superior Mesenteric A. supplies | uncinate process of pancreas, jejunum, ilium, cecum, appendix, ascending colon, most of transverse colon
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| Inferior Mesenteric A. level | L3
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| Inferior Mesenteric A. branches | L. colic, sigmoid, superior rectal
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| Inferior Mesenter A. supplies | distal end of transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum
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| Inferior Mesenteric V. drains into | splenic v.
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| Splenic & superior mesenteric vv. join to form | hepatic portal v.
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| L. gastric v. drains into | portal v.
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| Sympathetics-Celiac trunk | Greater splanchnic n. T5-T9
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| Sympathetics-Superior Mesenteric A. | Lesser splanchnic n. T10-T11
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| Sympathetics-Inferior Mesenteric A. | Lumbar Splanchnic nn. L1-L2
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| Parasympathetics blood leaving aorta above L2 | Vagus n.
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| Parasympathetics-blood leaving aorta below L2 | Pelvic splanchnic nn. (S2-S4)
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| Spleen | on L. side opposite ribs 9-11
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| Spleen supported by | phrenicocolic ligament
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| Spleen rupture causes | severe intraperitoneal hemorrhage
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| Major site of stress-induced immune suppresssion | spleen
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| Spleen becomes enlarged with | monnucleosis & portal hypertension
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| Pancreas | retroperitoneal except tip of tail
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| Pancreas forms | bed of stomach posterior to omental bursa
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| main pancreatic duct joins | common bile duct, accessory duct is present sometimes
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| abdominal impact | results in rupture against verterbral column
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| duct damage | results in auto-digestion
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| Pancreatitis | results from blockage of ducts (gallstones), excessive alcohol consumption, medications
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| Liver #___ Lobes | 4
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| Lobes of liver | right, left, caudate, quadrate
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| Liver recieves blood from | hepatic artery & portal v.
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| Liver drains into | inferior vena cava
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| Liver toxicity | alcohol, acetominophen, antifreeze
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| Liver disease | cirrhosis
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| Liver - a lot of matastases because | organs which drain through poral vein
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| R. & L. hepatic ducts join to | form common hepatic duct
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| Common hepatic duct joins cystic duct to form | common bile duct
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| cystic duct has | spiral configuration - serves as valve
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| Gallbladder | in costal margin at midclavicular line
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| Gallstones | block duct causing pain (following high lipid meal)
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| Gallbladder innervation | celiac plexus - receive sensory afferents from R. Phrenic n. perceived in C3-C5 dermatomes
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| Esophageal & azygos vv. | esophageal varices
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| Superior & inferiro rectal vv. | hemorrhoids
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| paraumbilical vv. to anterior abdominal wall | caput medusae
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