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Viruses MMG 2nd exam

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Answer
Mumps   Paramyxoviridae ss - RNA Enveloped Complications: oophoritis, orchitis CPE: Syncytial MMR Vaccine (LAV) -UR Tract, GI, Eye  
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Parainfluenza   Paramyxoviridae ss - RNA unsegmented Enveloped (H-Hemagglutinin) Respiratory infections, croup, barking cough, bronchitis CPE= Syncytia  
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Ebola and Marburg   Filoviridae ss - RNA Enveloped Hemorrhagic fever Zoonotic  
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Measles   Paramyxoviridae First Disease- Childhood Exanthems Enveloped (H- Hemagglutinin) Host Receptor: CD46 3Cs and P = coryza, conjunctivitis, cough, photophobia Koplik's spot rash Complications: Subacute sclerosing encephalitis  
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Influenza A,B,C   Orthomyxoviridae Enveloped HA/NA Host Receptor: Sialic Acid alpha 2,6-humans, alpha 2,3= birds Genetic Drift- highest in A genetic shift amantidine/rimantadin- inhibit M2 zanomivir/oseltamivir-inhibit NA replicates in the nucleus  
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HIV   Retrovirus ss -RNA Enveloped: gp120 binds CD4, gp41 binds CCR5 or CCR4 RNA/DNA hybrid intermediate AIDS Antivirals: Fusion inhibitors, nucleoside analogues (AZT), non nucleoside RT inhibitors, integrase inhibitors, protease inhibitors  
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Human T Cell leukemia Virus HTLV   Retrovirus ss -RNA T-cell leukemia and lymphoma tumor virus; Tax activation- T cell growth factor CD4+ T cell  
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Cocksackie (Enterovirus)   Picornaviridae ss + RNA (VPg on 5' end) VP1-4, VP1 = attachment Host Cell - CAR receptor Unenveloped A- Herpangia, Hand and foot, Meningitis B- Carditis, Pleurodynia, Meningitis  
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Echovirus   Picornaviridae (enterovirus) ss + RNA VPg on 5' end VP1-4, VP 1= attachment ICAM Host cell recptor Carditis, Meningitis Pleconaril targets VP1  
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Rhinovirus   Picornaviridae ss + RNA VPg on 5' end No envelope common cold Host cell receptor ICAM Pleconaril targets VP1  
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Rubella Virus   Togaviridae ss + RNA third disease childhood exanthems Enveloped Hemagglutinin Childhood/adult rubella Congenital: Hearing loss, mental retardation, eye problems Complications: arthritis, arthralgia  
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Alphaviruses   Togaviridae ss + RNA Enveloped Encephalitis Arboviruses: vector borne- probably mosquitos  
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West Nile, Dengue, Yellow fever   Flaviviridae ss + RNA Enveloped Encephalitis, Hemorrhagic fever Arboviruses- vector borne- mosquitos  
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Rotavirus   Reoviridae DS RNA segmented Double layer capsid VP4= hemagglutinin no envelope rotavirus A = mainly in infants; diarrhea day care Rotavirus NSP4 has cholera like toxin activity Vaccines: Rotateq, Rotarix  
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Rabies   Rhabdoviridae ss - RNA Envelope, G-protein zoonotic, host receptor - AchR and NCAM Negri bodies seen in brain Vaccination can be given after infection  
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Arenaviridae   ss - RNA 2 circular single stranded RNA Ambisense Usually rodent vector encephalitis, hemorrhagic fever, shock  
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Bunyaviruses   Hantavirus ss - RNA Enveloped Mainly encephalitis Arbovirus - vector borne: mosquitos  
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Human Corona Virus   Coronaviridae ss + RNA enveloped: E1 (M) E2(S) Hemagglutinin Looks like a solar corona 15-20% of common colds -can cause rare GI infections  
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SARS - Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome   Coronaviridae ss + RNA Enveloped SARS- high fever- China Liver damage CPE: syncytial cells  
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Norovirus   Calciviridae ss + RNA no envelope gastroenteritis-most often in adults often transmitted via contaminated food or H2O  
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Poliovirus   Picornaviridae ss + RNA No envelope Polio PVR Receptor Can cause: Abortive infection, aseptic, meningitis Inactivated salk vaccine Live Attenuated Vaccine  
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Adenovirus   Adenoviridae ds DNA Capsid: fiber protein attachment to host, base protein No envelope Host Receptor: CAR Inadequately chlorinated pools Tumor Virus: E1A inactivates pRb, E1B inactivates p53 Resp. infections, pharyngoconjunctival fever, eye and GI  
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HSV-1   Herpesviridae ds DNA enveloped Above the belt Latent- trigeminal ganglion Tzank smear- Cowdry type A inclusions Acyclovir: nucleoside analogue needs viral Thymidine kinase for activation  
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HSV -2   Herpesviridae ds DNA Enveloped Below the belt- genital/neonatal latent- sacral ganglia Tzank Smear cowdry type a inclusion bodies Acyclovir: Nucleoside analogue needs viral thymidine kinase for activation  
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Varicella Zoster   Herpesviridae dsDNA enveloped chickenpox, shingles latent- DRG Pustules erupt at different times/stages  
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Epstein Barr Virus EBV   Herpesviridae ds DNA enveloped infectious mono, burkitt's lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma latent- B lymphocytes, heterophile Ab (IgM) atypical lymphs  
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Cytomegalovirus CMV   herpesviridae ds DNA enveloped congenital: microcephaly, rash, hepatosplenomegaly Latent- T lymphs, cytomegalic inclusions "Owl's eye"  
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HHV 6-7   Herpesviridae dsDNA enveloped Roseola infantum "6ths Disease" spiking fever, febrile seizures, mild rash Latent B and T lymphocytes  
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Parvovirus   Parvoviridae B19 ss DNA No envelope Erythema Infectiosum (5ths Disease) slapped cheeks Congenital Infections- anemia, hydrops fetalis Host Receptor: P globuloside, infects actively replicating cells (RBC precursors) arthritis, arthralgia, aplastic a  
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Smallpox   Poxviridae ds DNA enveloped Replicates entirely in cytoplasm Papules erupt at same time Bioterrorism  
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Molluscum Contagiosum   Poxviridae dsDNA Enveloped wart like lesions replication in cytoplasm  
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HPV   Polyomaviridae ds DNA no envelope Plantar and Genital warts 16, 18 = high risk cervical cancer 6,11 = low risk Tumor virus inactivates p53, E7 inactivates pRb  
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BK   Polyomaviridae dsDNA cystitis Healthy-asymptomatic Latent activation in immunocompromised Tumor viruses: Large T inactivates p53 and pRb  
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JC   Polyomaviridae dsDNA CNS and possible PME Kidneys, B cells, monocyte lineage Healthy-asymptomatic latent activation immunocompromised Tumor virus: Large T antigen inactivates p53 and pRb  
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RSV (Respiratory Syncytial VIrus)   Paramyxoviridae ss -RNA unsegmented Enveloped Hemagglutinin Mainly in kids- eyes and nose-main cause of bronchiolitis CPE = syncytia Ribovirin= nucleoside analogue  
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