MedMicro 2006 UTHSCmed

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Answer

Neisseria characteristics

Diplococcus, facultative anaerobe, oxidase (+), catalase (+), glucose fermenter, non-motile, temp = body(35-37)

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N. gonorrhoeae virulence factors

Pilus, antigenic/phase variation,Capsule, Protein I,II,III. LOS endotoxin activity, Iron binding protein (for gonococcal metabolism), IgA protease, beta-lactamase, Opa(invasive), Rmp(anti-antibody)

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N. gonorrhoeae pathophysiology

invasion thru epithelium

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N. gonorrhoeae reseervoir

asymptomatic carriers(humans)

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N. gonorrhoeae Diseases

UTI, PID, epididymitis, ophthalmia neonatorum, disseminated gonococcal infection (DGI) rare

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N. gonorrhoeae specimen

Exudate/swab

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N. gonorrhoeae diagnosis

gran tain in men (PMN diplococci), culture on Thayer-Martin medium, mucoid colonies, fastidious growth

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N. gonorrhoeae Tx

Ceftriaxone or spectinomycin + doxycycline(for concurrent Chlamydia)

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N. gonorrhoeae Prevention/Control

safe sex, condoms, follow up screen of contacts

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to prevent N. gonorrhoeae(ophthalmia neonatorum) in newborns

1% silver nitrate is administered to their eyes at birth

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Does N. gonorrhoeae ferment maltose

Does not ferment maltose

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Does N meningitidis ferment maltose?

Does ferment maltose

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N meningitidis virulence factors

pilus colonization, specific capsule, LOS endotoxin

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N meningitidis pathophysiology

nosopharynx colonization, blood stream invasion

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N meningitidis reservoir

asymtomatic carriers (humans)

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N meningitidis diseases

transient bacteremia, chornic infection, acute meningitis, fulminant (Waterhouse-Friderichsen)

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N meningitidis specimen

lumbar puncture:w/incresed PMN's and decresed glucose

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N meningitidis lab diagnosis

nonselective chocolate agar, 5% CO2; fastidious growth

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N meningitidis Tx

penicillin G; sufonamide or rifampin for prophylaxis

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N meningitidis prevention/control

vaccine (serogroups A, C, Y, W135)

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N meningitidis prevalent in

crowded conditions; militry barracks, dorms, daycare, jails

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N meningitidis serogroups B and C do what?

cause meningitis and meningococcemia

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N meningitidis serogroups Y and W135 do what?

cause pneumonia

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Where is N meningitidis serogroup A common?

in 3rd world countries

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What are characteristics of Acute minigitis?

Abrupt onset of: fever, headache (worst of their lives), stiff neck, confusion, stupor.

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for Fulminant shock

administer steroids

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Neisseria is the only

pathogenic gram negative cocci (diplococci)

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Exclusive Human disease transmitted through sexual contact

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

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predominantly a pediatric illness(6months-1yr)

N. meningitidis

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fatality rate of N. meningitidis

5-15%

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N. meningitidis is

aggressively, disseminated by aerosolization

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Petechial lesions, headache, fever, and vomiting are diagnostic of

N. meningitidis

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Treatments for N. meningitidis

penicillin, chemoprophylaxis(rifampin), Immunoprophylaxis

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