Plants and ecology test info
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| what is ecology? | the study of interactions that occur among organisms and their environment.
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| What are consumers? | organisms that cant make thier own energy rich molecules
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| what are food chains? | a simple model of the feeding relationships in an ecosystem
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| What is symbiosis? | any close relationship betwee species
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| What is mutualism? | a symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit
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| What is commensalism? | a symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other isnt affected
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| What is parasitism? | a symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits but the other is harmed
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| Whats a niche? | an organsims role in its environment
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| Whats prey? | organism thats captured by the predator
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| Whats a predator? | consumer that capture and eat other consumers
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| What are producers? | organisms that use an outside energy source like the un to make energy rich molecules
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| What are limiting factors? | anything that restricts the number of incividuals in a population
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| What is population density? | the number of individuals of one species per a specific area
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| Whats exponential growth? | the larger a population gets the faster it grows
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| whats competition? | When organisms compete for resources
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| Whats chemosynthesis? | the production of energy rich nutrient molecules from chemicals
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| Whats a community? | all populations in a certain area
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| whats a population? | same species in a certain location
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| Whats a biosphere? | part of earth that supports life
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| Whats a habitat? | place where an organism lives
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| Whats an ecosystem? | all communties living in an area and the abiotic things around it
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| Whats biotic potential? | the highest rate of reproduction under ideal conditions
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| Whats a carrying capacity? | the largest number of individuals of one species that an ecosystem can support over time
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| Whats an energy pyramid? | a model that shows the amount of energy available at each feeding level in an ecosystem
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| Whats a food web? | a model that shows all the possible feeding relationships among the organsims in a community( all food chains togethr)
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| Whats the importance of plants? | they provide food for consumers, give off oxygen, pollination
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| Where does photosynthesis take place? | chloroplast
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| What is the equation for photosynthesis? | light energy+water+carbon dioxide-> oxygen + glucose
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| Where does cellular respiration take place? | mitochondria
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| What is the equation for cellular respiration? | oxygen+glucose-> energy+carbon dioxide
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| How do seedless plants reproduce? | using spores
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| How do seed plants reproduce? | w/ seeds
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| What is a stigma? | where pollen grains land
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| Whats a pistol | the female reproductive organ, that includes:stigma,style,ovule and ovulary
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| Whats the style? | long stock to ovulary
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| What is an ovulary? | swollen base of pistol, after fertilization it becomes fruit
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| whats an ovule? | where the egs are produced and after fertilization it becomes a seed
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| Whats a sepal? | small leaflike parts that protects the unbloomed flower
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| Whats a petal? | most colorful part that attracts insects
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| Whats the filament? | holds the anther up
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| Whats the anther? | part that produces pollen
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| Whats the stamen? | male reproductive organ, that includes:anther, filament
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| What are the 2 types of plants? | vascular and nonvascular
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| What do vascular plants do? | grow upward
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| What do nonvascular plants do? | dont grow upward
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| What is a ex. of seedless vascular plants? | ferns
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| What is an example of seedless nonvascular plants? | mosses
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| What are the 2 types of nonvascular seedplants? | angiosperm and gymnosperm(naked)
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| What are some characteristics of gymnosperms? | no fruit, dont loose all leaves
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| What are some characteristics of angiosperms? | usually flowers, produce fruit
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| What is the process of pollination? | flower produces pollen in anther, anther goes to another flower's stigma, the pollen goes down the style into the ovulary and ovule, fertilizes eggs and produce seeds and fruit
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| What are some places where life can be found? | deserts, arctic, coral reefs, rainforests
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| What are the 2 types of competiton? | between animals or between different populations. they can be over food or space
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| What are the factors that influence pop. size? | deathrates, birthrates, animals moving from place to place, limiting factors
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| How do birthrates and deathrates influence pop. size? | higher birthrate than deathrate= pop. larger and higher deathrate then birthrate= pop. smaller , equal birthrate and deathrate= pop.stays same
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| What makes up an organisms niche? | how it obtans food and shelter, how it finds a mate, how they care for the young and how it avoids danger by adapting to improve survival
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| Whats photosynthesis? | when producers convert light energy into chemical energy in sugar molecules
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| What do organisms use to go through chemosynthesis? | bacteria from hydrothermal vents
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| what are the levels in the energy pyramid from bottom to top? | producers, herbivores and carnivores
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| How much energy is available at each level of the energy pyramid? | most energy,most organisms to less energy, less organisms
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| What is a similarity between food chains and energy pyramids? | they both show energy flow
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| Whats a similarity between food chains and food webs? | both show feeding relationships
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| What is a difference between energy pyramids, food webs and food chains? | energy pyramids dont show feeding relationships
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| What is the similarity between food chains and food webs? | both show energy levels in order
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| how is energy transferred from one organism to another? | when an organism eats another, herbivores eat producers then carnivores eat herbivores
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| Whats an organism? | any living thing
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| Whats a monocot? | angiosperm with 1 cotelydon
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| Whats a dicot? | angiosperm with 2 cotyledons
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| What are cotelydons? | stored food
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