A&P Tes 1
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| Define Metabolism | All chemical reaction necessary to sustain life | ||||
| Define Anabolism | build up absorb energy | ||||
| Define Catabolism | break down, releasing energy | ||||
| Define Responsiveness | ability to detect and respond to change internal/external environment | ||||
| Define Differentiation | cells change from unspecialized to specialized | ||||
| Define Homeostatsis | dynamic state of equilibrium | ||||
| Two Types of Body Fluid | ECF, Extracellular and ICF, Intracellular fluid | ||||
| ECF | Extracellular 33% of all fluids found in these two compartment contains Na, Cl | ||||
| ICF | Intracelluar fluid, 66% of all fluid within cell K, PO4 | ||||
| Regulation | is the control for Homeostasis consist of Nervous and Endocrine systems | ||||
| Hand is on the Burning Stove | Sensory Receptor in Nervous System--- INformation to Central Nervous System---Integration Central Nervous System to make the decision--- motor effector in Nerves to move hand | ||||
| Transverse Cut | cuts the body into superior/inferior | ||||
| Frontal Cut | cuts body into anterior/posterior | ||||
| Sagital Cut | cuts body into medial/laterial | ||||
| Name 2 Body Cavities | Anterior/Posterior | ||||
| 2 parts of Posterior Body Cavities | Cranial and Vertebral | ||||
| 2 Body Cavities in Anterior Body Cavity | Thoracic and Abdominopelvic Cavity | ||||
| What is the building blocks of matter? | Elements | ||||
| What are the most common elements in the body | C, H, O, N (which makes up Carbs, lipids, protein) | ||||
| 3 Subatmoic particles | Proton, Electron, Neutron | ||||
| What are Ions | postive or negative charge b/c ofunequal number of protons and electron | ||||
| 4 Types of Chemical Bonds | Ionic, Covalent, Hydrogen and Peptide Bonds | ||||
| What is Ionic Bond | dissolves in water, 2 types of charged particles | ||||
| What is Covalent Bond | Should not dissolve in water, is a sharing of electrons. Carbons are always Covalently Bonded. | ||||
| What is Hydrogen Bond | gives stability to large Compounds such as DNA/RNA proteins | ||||
| Difference Between Potential NRG and Kinetic NRG | Potential nrg is stored or inactive nrg, Kinetic energy is NRG of motion | ||||
| Difference between Electrical and Chemical Energy | Chem NRG is is released when bonds are broken and absorbed, electrical results from flow of charged particles | ||||
| What is a catalyst? | drives chemical reaction but they do not change themselves | ||||
| what is CH4 | Methane Gas | ||||
| What is Organic Compound | Contain Carbon, always covalently bonded, Glucose, AA, FA | ||||
| What is Inorganic Compound | All other compound, ionic bonding, H20, Salts, NaCl | ||||
| Property of Water | Solvent dissolves solute | ||||
| What is Suspension | it is when two substances do not mix together | ||||
| Anabolism | dehydration synthesis, takewater to open spot for bond | ||||
| Catablolism | hydrolysis put water back into to break bond | ||||
| Define Acid | H+ Anions | ||||
| Define Base | OH- Cation | ||||
| Define Salts | nether positively/neg charged | ||||
| pH scale | 0-14 | ||||
| Carbohydrate | Sugar, startches, glycogen and cellulose | ||||
| 3 types of Simple Sugars | Glucose, Galactose, Fructose | ||||
| Types of Disaccharides | sucrose, maltose, lactose | ||||
| Polysaccarides | starch glycogen | ||||
| Nucleic Acids | DNA/RNA | ||||
| 3 sub of Lipids | Triglycerides, Phospholipids, Steroids | ||||
| Triglycerides are made of | 3FA and Glycerol | ||||
| Bonding of Triglycerides | Saturated, Mono, poly | ||||
| Phospholipids are | make up plasma membrane, polar heads, tail. | ||||
| Steriods | are all cholesterol based | ||||
| What defines proteins | Shape determines function | ||||
| Amino Acid | Have Peptide bonds COOH | ||||
| What is tRNA | Transfer RNA, translates the message AA | ||||
| What ismRNA | Reads DNA Message | ||||
| rRNA | finds a place for protein | ||||
| Parts of Cell | Plasma Membrane and Cytoplasm | ||||
| What is in Cytoplasm | Cytosol and Organelles | ||||
| Phospholipid Bilayer | 50%Lipid 50% Protein | ||||
| Integral Arrangment of Membrane Protein | extends into or across bilayer clothespin | ||||
| Peripherial Arrangment of protein | loosely attached to inner and outer surface | ||||
| What is Tonicity | measure of solutions ability to change the volume of cells by altering there H20 | ||||
| what is isotonic | normal shape | ||||
| what is hypertonic | there is more concentration inside than outside | ||||
| what is hypotonic | when concentration is higher outside than inside | ||||
| Simple Diffusion | is when the FA is passed through polar head and tail no NRG is expended | ||||
| Facilitated Diffusion | Glucose passes through pores, pores change shape to accept no NRG is expended | ||||
| Active Transport | NaK pump, NRG is used to move 3Na out 2 K | ||||
| What is endocytosis | bringing substance into cell | ||||
| 2 types of endocytosis | Phagosytosis and Pinosytocsis | ||||
| Centriole | development / growth of mitotic spindle | ||||
| Ribosomes | location protein synthesis | ||||
| Er | Movement of molecules to Golgi Body | ||||
| Golgi Body | Packs proteins for movement | ||||
| Cell Junction | occur in Epithelial Cells and some muscles | ||||
| Types of Cell Junctions | Tight Junction, Desmosomes, Gap Junction | ||||
| What is Gap Junction | open channels for communication pruposes | ||||
| What is Desmosomes | fibers interlock between cells to allow contract | ||||
| Avascular | has no blood supply | ||||
| where do you find Simple | lung kidneys | ||||
| Connective tissue | most abundant and widely distributed tissue in the body | ||||
| What does "blast" mean | to make | ||||
| what is fibroblast | CT Proper | ||||
| Chondroblast | cartiliage | ||||
| osteoblast | bone | ||||
| hemocytoblast | blood cells | ||||
| macrophages | WBC that do Phagocytosis | ||||
| Mast Cells | secrete histamine which enhance inflammation | ||||
| Collagen | needed to make Connective tissue and also the most abundant proein in the body | ||||
| Areolar CT | located hypodermis | ||||
| adipose | hypodermis used to store Triglcerides | ||||
| dense irregular | found in dermis and pericardium | ||||
| Cartilage, bone and blood are | Connective Tissue | ||||
| Epidermis is... | outer thinner layer | ||||
| dermis | below epidermis made up of Dense irregular Connective Tissue | ||||
| Keratincytes | produce keratin which waterproof | ||||
| melanocytes | produce melanin or pigment | ||||
| Dermal papillae | meisnsner corp which is touch causes figerprints | ||||
| What is arrector pilli | Goosebumps | ||||
| Hypodermis | has areolar and adipose CT and contain Pacinian which pressure | ||||
| Thermoregulation | regulate body temp for homeostasis | ||||
| Function of Skin | Thermoregulation, Protection |
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Created by:
futrking
on 2006-02-07