ability to detect and respond to change internal/external environment
Define Differentiation
cells change from unspecialized to specialized
Define Homeostatsis
dynamic state of equilibrium
Two Types of Body Fluid
ECF, Extracellular and ICF, Intracellular fluid
ECF
Extracellular 33% of all fluids found in these two compartment contains Na, Cl
ICF
Intracelluar fluid, 66% of all fluid within cell K, PO4
Regulation
is the control for Homeostasis consist of Nervous and Endocrine systems
Hand is on the Burning Stove
Sensory Receptor in Nervous System--- INformation to Central Nervous System---Integration Central Nervous System to make the decision--- motor effector in Nerves to move hand
Transverse Cut
cuts the body into superior/inferior
Frontal Cut
cuts body into anterior/posterior
Sagital Cut
cuts body into medial/laterial
Name 2 Body Cavities
Anterior/Posterior
2 parts of Posterior Body Cavities
Cranial and Vertebral
2 Body Cavities in Anterior Body Cavity
Thoracic and Abdominopelvic Cavity
What is the building blocks of matter?
Elements
What are the most common elements in the body
C, H, O, N (which makes up Carbs, lipids, protein)
3 Subatmoic particles
Proton, Electron, Neutron
What are Ions
postive or negative charge b/c ofunequal number of protons and electron
4 Types of Chemical Bonds
Ionic, Covalent, Hydrogen and Peptide Bonds
What is Ionic Bond
dissolves in water, 2 types of charged particles
What is Covalent Bond
Should not dissolve in water, is a sharing of electrons. Carbons are always Covalently Bonded.
What is Hydrogen Bond
gives stability to large Compounds such as DNA/RNA proteins
Difference Between Potential NRG and Kinetic NRG
Potential nrg is stored or inactive nrg, Kinetic energy is NRG of motion
Difference between Electrical and Chemical Energy
Chem NRG is is released when bonds are broken and absorbed, electrical results from flow of charged particles
What is a catalyst?
drives chemical reaction but they do not change themselves
what is CH4
Methane Gas
What is Organic Compound
Contain Carbon, always covalently bonded, Glucose, AA, FA
What is Inorganic Compound
All other compound, ionic bonding, H20, Salts, NaCl
Property of Water
Solvent dissolves solute
What is Suspension
it is when two substances do not mix together
Anabolism
dehydration synthesis, takewater to open spot for bond
Catablolism
hydrolysis put water back into to break bond
Define Acid
H+ Anions
Define Base
OH- Cation
Define Salts
nether positively/neg charged
pH scale
0-14
Carbohydrate
Sugar, startches, glycogen and cellulose
3 types of Simple Sugars
Glucose, Galactose, Fructose
Types of Disaccharides
sucrose, maltose, lactose
Polysaccarides
starch glycogen
Nucleic Acids
DNA/RNA
3 sub of Lipids
Triglycerides, Phospholipids, Steroids
Triglycerides are made of
3FA and Glycerol
Bonding of Triglycerides
Saturated, Mono, poly
Phospholipids are
make up plasma membrane, polar heads, tail.
Steriods
are all cholesterol based
What defines proteins
Shape determines function
Amino Acid
Have Peptide bonds COOH
What is tRNA
Transfer RNA, translates the message AA
What ismRNA
Reads DNA Message
rRNA
finds a place for protein
Parts of Cell
Plasma Membrane and Cytoplasm
What is in Cytoplasm
Cytosol and Organelles
Phospholipid Bilayer
50%Lipid 50% Protein
Integral Arrangment of Membrane Protein
extends into or across bilayer clothespin
Peripherial Arrangment of protein
loosely attached to inner and outer surface
What is Tonicity
measure of solutions ability to change the volume of cells by altering there H20
what is isotonic
normal shape
what is hypertonic
there is more concentration inside than outside
what is hypotonic
when concentration is higher outside than inside
Simple Diffusion
is when the FA is passed through polar head and tail no NRG is expended
Facilitated Diffusion
Glucose passes through pores, pores change shape to accept no NRG is expended
Active Transport
NaK pump, NRG is used to move 3Na out 2 K
What is endocytosis
bringing substance into cell
2 types of endocytosis
Phagosytosis and Pinosytocsis
Centriole
development / growth of mitotic spindle
Ribosomes
location protein synthesis
Er
Movement of molecules to Golgi Body
Golgi Body
Packs proteins for movement
Cell Junction
occur in Epithelial Cells and some muscles
Types of Cell Junctions
Tight Junction, Desmosomes, Gap Junction
What is Gap Junction
open channels for communication pruposes
What is Desmosomes
fibers interlock between cells to allow contract
Avascular
has no blood supply
where do you find Simple
lung kidneys
Connective tissue
most abundant and widely distributed tissue in the body
What does "blast" mean
to make
what is fibroblast
CT Proper
Chondroblast
cartiliage
osteoblast
bone
hemocytoblast
blood cells
macrophages
WBC that do Phagocytosis
Mast Cells
secrete histamine which enhance inflammation
Collagen
needed to make Connective tissue and also the most abundant proein in the body
Areolar CT
located hypodermis
adipose
hypodermis used to store Triglcerides
dense irregular
found in dermis and pericardium
Cartilage, bone and blood are
Connective Tissue
Epidermis is...
outer thinner layer
dermis
below epidermis made up of Dense irregular Connective Tissue
Keratincytes
produce keratin which waterproof
melanocytes
produce melanin or pigment
Dermal papillae
meisnsner corp which is touch causes figerprints
What is arrector pilli
Goosebumps
Hypodermis
has areolar and adipose CT and contain Pacinian which pressure
Science Vocab 147928
