Ventricular/Spinal
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| What is venticular system | Elaboration of lumen of cephalic portion of neural tube
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| Development that parallels brain | venticular system
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| Ventricular system consists of | Lateral, 3rd, 4th, Cerebral aqueduct, Intraventricular foramina
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| Telencephalic vesicles cavity b/c | lateral ventricles
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| Diencephalic cavity b/c | 3rd ventricle
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| Rhombencephalic cavity b/c | 4th venticle
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| Mescencephalon cavity b/c | cerebral aquaduct
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| What is Intraventricular foramina | opening between the lateral ventricles, and 3rd ventricules
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| Ventricular system is lined with | ependymal cells
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| Each venticule is composed of | internal layer of ependyma, and outher layer of delicate
Pia matter
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| In each ventricle blood vessel invaginate to form | choroid plexus
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| What is medial aperture AKA | Foramen of Magendie
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| Opens in caudal roof of 4th ventricle during develops form a communication betwen | the venticular system and subarachnoid space
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| Medial aperute and Luschka---form | communication beween the ventricular system, and subarachnoid space during development
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| CFS is produced by | Choroid plesuses
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| Choroid plexuses located in | lateral and third venticules
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| CFS exits the venticular system thought | the foramina of 4th, and passes into subarachnoid space
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| The CSF is absorbed into venous systme by | arachnoid villi
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| Arachnoid villi located in | superior sagittal sinus
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| Congenital hydrocephalus | dilation of ventricular system
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| Results do to enlarged ventricules during prenatal development | congenital hydrocephalus
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| Dilation of ventricles results from | the flow of CSF being obstructed during development
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| Primary obstruction of CSF | cerebral aquaduct
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| Congenital atresia | failure of cerbral aquaduct to form
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| Stenosis | obstuction of cerbral aquaduct from cellular debris
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| Stenosis is due to | infection
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| Intravaventriculat hemorrage can result in | can block the cerebral aquaduct
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| Dandy-Walker malformation | patients have a cystic dialtion of 4th with aplaisa of cerebellar vermis
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| PNS develops mostly from cells of the | neural crest
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| Neural crest cells arise from | the lateal edge of the neural plate
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| Neural crest cells detach and move | to locations lateral to neural tube
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| Specizlized epiderman cells found in developing head region | Placodes
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| CN 5, 7,9,10 all have | sensory ganlia that orginate from neural crest adn placode cells, and are psuedonunipolar
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| Pseudouniplar cells are derived from | neural crest cells
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| Each spinal nerve and ganglion are associated with | a somite o
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| Somites grow out to form parts of the body's | CT and musculature
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| How dorsal root ganglia grow distally | use the ECM of tissues as a guide
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| Autonomic neurons of the digestive tract are formed by | neural crest cells
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| Nueral crests cells that migrate from rhombencephalon | autonmic neurons of disgestive tract
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| Autonomic neurons of digestive tract receive innervation from | Vagus nerve in adult
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| Visceral Neural crest cell develop into | automic neurons of the desecnding colon and neurons of pelvic structures
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| Neural crest cells of colon and pelvic arise from | sacral cord levels during 2nd neurulation
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| Schwann cells are derived from | neural crest cells
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| Schwann cells migrate in | a segmental fashion,
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| Schwann cells growth with the | peripheral nerve fibers this will eventually ensheathe
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| Cell involved in development of CNS | neuroblasts
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| CNS neuroblasts develop at | the ventricular surfaces of developing brain
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| Ventricular surface of developing brain AKA | luminal surface of the neural tube
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| Why does neural tube thicken during development? | Dividing cells cluster @ ventricular surface 2. marginal zone
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| 2 main lingeage of CNS | Neuroblastic and Glioblastic
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| Neurblastic generates | neurons
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| Glioblastic are | precursors of radial glia, asto, and oligodendrocytes
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| Differentiation of Glial cells is controled by | Growth factors
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| Types of Glial Growth factors | PDGF Cillary nerotrophic factor, and FBF
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| Adult sinal cord gray matter is shaped | as a buttergyl
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| Spinal cord gray matter consits of | anterior and posterior horns
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| Ar some levels of the spinal cord, there is also | an intermediate zone, and a lateral horm
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| The intermediate zone and lateral horn lie | halfway between teh posterior and anterior horns
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| What develops from cadual portions of neural tube? | spinal cord
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| The neural canal will become | the central canal of the spinal cord
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| Between 4th and 20 weels give rise to spinal cord b/c | burst of proliferatoin in ventricular layer
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| Nueroblasts of spinal canal will migrate to form | 4 longitudinal plates
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| 4 longitudinal plates will become | the gray matter of spinal cord
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| 2 anterior located cell massses | basal plate
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| 2 posteriorly located ell masses | alar plate
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| Basal and Alar plates are separated by a longitudinal groove | sulcus limitans
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| Basal plate develops into | anterior horn of spinal cord
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| Alar plate develops into | posterior horn of spinal cord
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| The lateral horn orginates | from the interface of alar and basal plates
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| Basal plate development controls | axons of motor neurons
Anterior horn===GSE
Lateral horn--GVE
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| anterior roots of basal plate development will innervate | peripheral structures
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| Anterior horn motor neurons innervate | GSE skeletal muscle
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| Lateral horm motor neurson project to | autonmic ganglie
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| Lateral horn motor neurons innervate | GVE
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| GSE and GVE are distinct | lonitudinal cell colums in gray matter of BASAL Plate
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| GSE column runs | full length of spinal cord
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| GVE colum runs | from T1-L2
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| Intermediolateral cell column | GVE column fromT1-L2
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| GVE also runs | S2-S4
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| Sacral visceromotot nucleus | GVE colum running froms2-s4
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| Alar plate development is where | neurons receive sensory, GSA, and GVA
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| Sensory neurons in peripheral process innervate the skin, and the R's in joint capusles, tendons, and muscles called | GSA
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| Sensory neurons that innervate R's in visceral structures | GVA
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| Somites subdivide into | Sclertomes-vertebrate, Dermatomes, form skin, and myotomes form muscles
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| Spinal cord retain its shape from ____until adulthood | 3rd trimester
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| Vertebral column grows slightly faster than | the spinal cord
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| What forms the cauda equina | results from differential growth of vertebral column
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| Neural Crest cells give rise to both | Nueronal and non-neuronal structures
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| Postganglionic sympathetic, and parasympatetic are dervired from | neural crest cells
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