science vocab
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| Virus | A tiny non-living particle that invades and then reproduces inside a living cell.
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| Host | The organism that a parasite or virus lives in or on.
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| Parasite | The organism that benefits by living on or in a host in a parasitism interaction.
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| Bacteriophage | A virus that infects bacteria.
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| Bacteria | Single-celled organisms that lack a nucleus; prokaryotes.
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| Flagellum | a long whip-like structure that helps a cell to move
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| asexual reproduction | a reproductive process that involves only one parent and produces offspring that are identical to the parent
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| sexual reproduction | reproductive process that involves two parents that combine their genetic material to produce a new organism, which differs from both parents
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| conjugation | the process in which a unicellular organism transfers some of its genetic material to another unicellular organism
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| endospore | a small, rounded, thick-walled, resting cell that forms inside a bacterial cell
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| pasteurization | a process of heating food to a temperature that is high enough to kill most harmful bacteria without changing the taste of the food
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| decomposer | an organism that breaks down chemicals from wastes and dead organisms, and returns important materials to the soil and water
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| protist | a eukaryotic organism that cannot be classified as an animal, a plant, or a fungus
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| protozoan | an animal-like protist
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| pseudopod | a "false foot" or temporary bulge of cytoplasm used for feeding and movement in some protozoans
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| contractile vacuole | the cell structure that collects extra water from the cytoplasm and then expels it from the cell
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| cilia | the hairlike projections on the outside of cells that move in a wavelike manner
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| symbiosis | a close relationship between two organisms of different species that benefits at least one of the organisms
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| mutualism | a close relationship between two organisms of two species in which both organisms benefit.
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| algae | plantlike protists
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| fungi | a eukaryotic organism that has cell walls, uses spores to reproduce, and is a heterotroph that feeds by absorbing its food
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| hyphae | the branching, threadlike tubes that make up the bodies of multicellular fungi
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| fruiting body | the reproductive structure of a fungus that contains many hyphae and produces spores
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| budding | a form of asexual reproduction of yeast in which a new cell grows out of the body of a parent
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| lichen | the combination of a fungus and either an alga or an autotrophic bacterium that live together in a mutualistic relationship
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| binary fission | a form of asexual reproduction in which one cell divides to form two identical cells.
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| spore | a tiny cell that is able to grow into a new organism.
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