Learning_6
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| (1) a discriminative stimulus that precedes the response and signals a consequence is available, (2) a response that produces a certain consequence, (3) the consequence that increases or decreases the probability of that response | Components of an operant conditioning process. (3)
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| an antecedent event, a behavior, a consequence; notice something, do something, get something | three-term contingency (ABC) (2)
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| avoidance behavior | Behavior that occurs before the aversive stimulus is presented and therefore prevents its delivery.
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| contrived reinforcer | A reinforcer deliberately arranged to modify a behavior, not a typical consequence of the behavior in that setting.
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| discriminative stimulus (SD) | A stimulus in the presence of which responses are reinforced and in the absence of which they are not reinforced.
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| discriminative stimulus for extinction (S∆) | Label for a stimulus that signals the absence of reinforcement.
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| discriminative stimulus for punishment | Label for a stimulus that signals that a response will be punished.
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| escape behavior | A behavior that results in the termination of an aversive stimulus.
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| extrinsic reinforcement | The reinforcement provided by a consequence that is external to the behavior.
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| generalized (or generalized secondary) reinforcer | A type of secondary reinforcer that has been associated with several other reinforcers.
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| intrinsic reinforcement | Reinforcement provided by the mere act of performing the behavior; its performance is inherently reinforcing.
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| law of effect (Thorndike) | The proposition that behaviors that lead to a satisfying state of affairs are strengthened, "stamped in," while behaviors that lead to an unsatisfying or annoying state of affairs are weakened, "stamped out."
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| natural reinforcer | A reinforcer that is a typical consequence of the behavior within that setting.
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| negative punishment | The removal of a stimulus (usually pleasant or rewarding) following a response, which then leads to a decrease in the future strength of that response.
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| negative reinforcement | The removal of a stimulus (usually unpleasant or aversive) following a response, which then leads to an increase in the future strength of that response.
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| operant behavior | A class of emitted responses that result in certain consequences and, in turn, affect the future probability or strength of those responses.
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| operant conditioning | A type of learning in which the future probability of a behavior is affected by its consequences.
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| positive punishment | The presentation of a stimulus (usually unpleasant or aversive) following a response, which then leads to a decrease in the future strength of that response.
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| positive reinforcement | The presentation of a stimulus (usually pleasant or rewarding) following a response, which then leads to an increase in the future strength of that response.
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| primary reinforcer (unconditioned reinforcer) | An event that is innately reinforcing. (2)
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| punisher | An event that (1) follows a behavior and (2) decreases the future probability of that behavior.
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| reinforcer | An event that (1) follows a behavior and (2) increases the future probability of that behavior.
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| secondary reinforcer (conditioned reinforcer) | An event that is reinforcing because it has been associated with some other reinforcer. (2)
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| shaping | The gradual creation of new operant behavior through reinforcement of successive approximations to that behavior.
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| the reward is (1) expected, (2) tangible, (3) given for simply performing the activity | Conditions when rewards undermine intrinsic motivation. (3)
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| three-term contingency | The relationship between a discriminative stimulus, an operant behavior, and a reinforcer or punisher.
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Created by:
Moody
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