NAQT Psychologists
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
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| Sigmund Freud | Founded Psychoanalysis, "Free Association", Psyche = Id (illogical passion), Ego (rational thought), Superego (moral and social conscience), many problems caused by mental states not biochemical dysfunction | The Interpretation of Dreams, The Psychopathology of Everyday Life | Austrian, 1856-1939
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| Carl Jung | Split with Freud, founded "analytic psychology", "Collective unconscious", personality types, anima, animus, introversion, extroversion, archetypes, Myers-Briggs Indicator inspired by personality types theory | The Development of Personality, Psychology of the Unconscious | Austrian, 1875-1961
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| Alfred Adler | Split with Freud, neuroses from inability to reach self-realization, "inferiority complexes", "individual psychology" | Neurotic Constitution | Austrian, 1870-1937
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| Ivan Pavlov | Physiologist, not psychologist, "conditioned reflex", Nobel Prize 1904 for work on digestive secretions | Conditioned Reflexes | Russian, 1849-1936
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| John B. Watson | first exponent of behaviorism, psychology could be completely grounded in objective measurements, conditioned 11 month old boy to be afraid of furry objects | Behavior: An Introduction to Comparative Psychology | American, 1878-1958
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| B. F. Skinner | leading proponent of behaviorism, all human actions understood by physical stimuli and learned responses, no need to study mental states or motivations, trained pigeons to play table tennis | Walden II, Beyond Freedom and Dignity | American, 1904-1990
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| Jean Piaget | greatest figure of 20th century developmental pysch., studies of the way children learn, 4 stages of development: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational | The Language and Thought of a Child, The Origins of Intelligence in Children | Swiss, 1896-1980
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| Erik Erikson | theories of how social institutions reflect universal features of psychosocial development, notable eight stage development process, "pyschohistories" of Luther, Gandhi, coined term "identity crisis" | Childhood and Society, The Life Cycle Completed | German-born American, 1902-1994
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| Abraham Maslow | "hierarchy of needs', (food, shelter, love, esteem, etc.), "self-actualization", lowest unmet need tends to dominate conscious thoughts | Motivation and Personality, Toward a Psychology of Being | American, 1908-1970
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| Stanley Milgram | Small World Phenomenon - "six degrees of separation", "lost-letter" technique, "obedience to authority", electric shock experiments | The Small World Problem, The Perils of Obedience | American, 1933-1984
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