Pathophysio Test 3
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| Gigantism | Hypersecretion of growth hormone
Occurs in childhood before closure of epiphyses
Overgrowth & deterioration of mental status
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| Hormones | chemicals released in blood, responsible for body metabolism
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| Acromegaly | Hypersecretion of growth hormone
Occurs middle age after closure of epiphyses
Thickening & protrusion of jaw, enlarged organs
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| Cushing's Syndrome | Hypersecretion of glucocorticoids (steroids) from adrenal cortex
Obesity with thin extremities, moon face, buffalo hump
Masculine characteristics
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| Addison's Syndrome | Hyposecretion of adrenal cortex hormones (glucocorticoids & mineralocorticoids
Bronze pigmentation to skin
Hyponatremia or hyperkalemia
Eleveated blood urea nitrogen
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| Diabetes Insipidus | Hyposecretion of ADH & deficiency of vasopressin
Vasoconstriction, failure of tubular reabsorbtion of water in kidneys
Polyuria & polydipsia, decreased skin turgor
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| Creatinism | Hypofunction of thyroid in fetus or soon after birth
Constipation, potbelly, umbilical hernia, sensitivity to cold
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| Mydema | Hyposecretion of thyroid hormone, occurs in adulthood
Constipation, intolerance to cold, forgetfulness,
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| Graves Disease | Hypersecretion of thyroid hormone
Protruding eyeballs (exothalamos), heat intolerance
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| Alpha cells in pancreas | Produce glucagon
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| Beta cells in pancreas | produce insulin
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| Diabetes Mellitus | Autoimmune disease destroying beta cells in pancreas
Polyuria, polyphagia, weight loss, blurred vision
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| Hyperglycemia | Fruity acetone breath
Diminished reflexes
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| Diabetic Ketoacidosis | From hyperglycemia, develops when a severe insulin deficiency occurs
Sunken eyeballs, fatigue, hyperventilate
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| Diabetic Exercise | Decrease cholesterol & blood pressure
Helps body burn glucose
Improves circulation
Less hypoglycemic agents needed, muscles can get sugar without help of insulin
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| Type 1 diabetes | insulin- dependent
Abrupt onset, require insulin injections
Beta cells damaged
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| Type 2 diabetes | noninsulin-dependent
Slow onset after age 30
Receptors on cell surface not there/ damaged
Oral hypoglycemic agents
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| Gastric Ulcers | Predisposed by stress, smoking, NSAIDs, alcohol, family history of infection with H. pylori
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