H&P heart and vessel
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| LSB | left sternal border
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| PMI | point of maximal impulse
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| PND | paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
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| ASD | atrial septal defect
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| VSD | ventricular septal defect
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| PFO | patent foramen ovale
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| MVP | mitral valve prolapse
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| HCM | hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
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| where is the PMI/ apical impulse? | mid-clavicular line and 5th left interspace
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| what are you hearing in S1 | closing of mitral valve (and tricuspid)
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| what are you hearing in S2 | closing of aortic valve (and pulmonic)
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| physiologic splitting of S2 | best heard at 2nd and 3rd interspacesheard on inspiration and dissapears on expiration
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| what does PDA sound like | harsh machinery sound
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| venous hum | turbulence in the jugulars, benign, heard above clavicles
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| what are the 5 areas to listen to supine and in left lateral decubitus | aortic, pulmonic, 2nd pulmonic, tricuspid, and mitral
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| squatting | increases venous returnMVP and HCM decreases, AS murmur increases
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| valsalva | decreases venous returnMVP and HCM increases, AS murmur decreases
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| peripheral arteries to palpate (7) | carotid, brachial, radial, femoral, popliteal, dorsalis pedalis, posterior tibial
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| 3 P's of arterial occlusion | pallor, pulselessness, pain
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| what is the purpose of the Allen test | ensures the patency of the ulnar artery before puncturing the radial artery
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| S3 and S4 are heard during | diastole
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| physiologic splitting of S2 | accentuated on inspiration and disappears on expiration
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