click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
H&P heart and vessel
Question | Answer |
---|---|
LSB | left sternal border |
PMI | point of maximal impulse |
PND | paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea |
ASD | atrial septal defect |
VSD | ventricular septal defect |
PFO | patent foramen ovale |
MVP | mitral valve prolapse |
HCM | hypertrophic cardiomyopathy |
where is the PMI/ apical impulse? | mid-clavicular line and 5th left interspace |
what are you hearing in S1 | closing of mitral valve (and tricuspid) |
what are you hearing in S2 | closing of aortic valve (and pulmonic) |
physiologic splitting of S2 | best heard at 2nd and 3rd interspacesheard on inspiration and dissapears on expiration |
what does PDA sound like | harsh machinery sound |
venous hum | turbulence in the jugulars, benign, heard above clavicles |
what are the 5 areas to listen to supine and in left lateral decubitus | aortic, pulmonic, 2nd pulmonic, tricuspid, and mitral |
squatting | increases venous returnMVP and HCM decreases, AS murmur increases |
valsalva | decreases venous returnMVP and HCM increases, AS murmur decreases |
peripheral arteries to palpate (7) | carotid, brachial, radial, femoral, popliteal, dorsalis pedalis, posterior tibial |
3 P's of arterial occlusion | pallor, pulselessness, pain |
what is the purpose of the Allen test | ensures the patency of the ulnar artery before puncturing the radial artery |
S3 and S4 are heard during | diastole |
physiologic splitting of S2 | accentuated on inspiration and disappears on expiration |