Anatomy and Physiology of Farm Animals Exam 2
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| What is the endocrine system made up of? | a group of ductless glands that secrete 'hormones' | ||||
| What is the definition of a hormone? | chemical substances that are produced by ductless glands; released into the blodd stream; and carried to other parts of the body where they produce a specific regulatory effect | ||||
| What is the endocrine route? | hormone is transported via the blood to target organ | ||||
| What is the route by which a hormone is screted to the exterior of the body where it interacts with a target organ? | exocrine | ||||
| What is the paracrine route? | hormone secreted into the space in between cells and the interstitial fluid carries them to the target organ | ||||
| What is the route in which a gormone produced by the cell regulates the activity of the cell that produced it? | autocrine | ||||
| What is the neurocrin route? | hormones diffuse through synaptic clefts similar to neurotransmitters | ||||
| Which route does the hormone pass through gap junctions (between) cells and alters the functino of adjacent cells? | epicrine | ||||
| What are the properties used to determine the types of hormones? | peptides (protein), amines (modifications of tyrosine), and steroids (cholesterol) | ||||
| Where are peptide hormones and amines stored? | in secretory granules by endocrine cells | ||||
| Can steriod hormones be stored? | No, they must be synthesized. | ||||
| What is the purpose of gastron? | stimulates release of gastric juices for digestion to being | ||||
| Where is gastrin released? | wall of stomach | ||||
| Which hormone stimulates secretion of intestinal/pancreatic juices to continue digestion in duodenum? | Secretin | ||||
| Where is secretin produced? | wall of small intestine | ||||
| What hormone is produce in the kidney and what does it do? | erythropoietin stimulates bone marrow | ||||
| Where are the peptide hormone receptors located? | cell membrane | ||||
| How is the response time of the peptide hormone receptors? | Rapid and quickly reversed as well | ||||
| What are the secondary messengers? | cellular components that bring about desired hormone effects of hormone after bindingof hormone to receptor | ||||
| Which hormone receptors are found in the cytoplasm/nucleus? | steroid | ||||
| How is the response time of steriod hormone receptors? | They are slower than the peptide hormone receptors but last longer. | ||||
| Increase production of this brings about desired effect of hormone. | protein | ||||
| Which organs only function to produce hormones? | Pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, and adrenal | ||||
| Which hormones are secreted by the hypothalamus? | CRH, GnRH, GHRH, TRH | ||||
| What do the hormones of the hypothalamus do? | synethesizes oxytocin and antidiuretic hormones | ||||
| The hypothalamus stimulates the release of various hormones from what? | adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary) | ||||
| Which gland contains hormones that generally affect the function of many organs in a variety of systems? | pituitary | ||||
| What are the two histologically distinct tissues and another name for them? | Anterior lobe, epithelial tissue, Adenohypophysis; posterior lobe, neural tissue, Neurohypophysis | ||||
| What does adeno- mean? | gland |
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Created by:
chargearoo
on 2009-09-29