Stack #27775
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| Nervous and Endocrine Systems | systems for transmitting messages and correlating body functions
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| nervous system | sensory input - interpretation - motor output
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| neurons | reactive cells, transmit electrical impulses from the brain throughout the body
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| dendrites | fine processes - conduct impulses towards neuron cell body
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| axon | conducts impulses away from neuron cell body
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| myelin sheath | insulates and protects the axon
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| homeostatis | keeping internal body enviroment constant
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| two main sections of nervous system | central (CNS), peripheral (PNS)
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| neurotransmitters and receptors | send and receive messages (impulses)
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| sympathetic nerves | emerge from thoracic and lumbar area of spinal cord, fibres to heart smooth muscle, sweat glands, controls fight or flight reaction
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| thyroid | produces thyroxin-increases basal metabolic rate and encourages growth and development, calcitonin-stimulates osteblasts
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| parathyroid | produces parathormone-maintains plasma calcium levels by inducing osteoclastic activity
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| ovaries | produce oestrogen and proesterone (female sexual development and reproduction
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| testes | secrete testosterone (male sexual development and fertility)
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| pancreas | regulates blood glucose levels with insulin and glucogon
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| adrenal glands | produce adrenaline (mobilises fat from adipose tissue), stimulates breakdown of glycogen to glucose in muscles and assists sympathetic nervous system
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| hypoglycemia | low blood glucose - stimulates glucogen which stimulates breakdown of glycogen stored in liver and production of glucose from lactic acid and some amino acids
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| hyperglycemia | high blood sugar - insulin released to speed up conversion of blood glucose to glycogen and absorption into cells, especially by skeletal muscles
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| IDDM | Type I - insulin dependant diabetes mellitus-insulin deficiency requiring injections to prevent death
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| NIDDM | Type II - non-insulin dependant diabetes mellitus - more commnon, elevated blood glucose levels that can be controlled through diet and exercise
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Created by:
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