test one
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| What is abnormal psychology | scientific study of mental problems
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| Clinical Scientists | gather information predict and explain
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| clinical practitioners | detect and treat abnormalities
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| What are the 4 D's | Deviance Distressing Dysfunctional and dangerous
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| Norms | Stated and unstated rules for conduct
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| Culture | history values in situations habits skills technology and arts
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| who was Szaz | thought abnormal psych was a myth that society creates to control the norm
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| What are 3 essential features to therapy | Sufferer seeking relief, trained and accepted listener, series of contacts between the two
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| What was Trephination | Instrument used to cut away circular section of the skull
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| What is exorcism | tortured scared prayed and plead for sprints to leave
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| Humors believed what | that we have yellow bile black bile blood and phlegm, too much yellow- frenzy too much black-depression
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| How was Europe in the middle ages? | church was highly involved so satans work was assumed usually
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| what does lycanthropy mean | posessed by wolves
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| what is tyrantism | bit by a spider
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| Who was the first mental illness specialist | Johann Weyer, formed asylums
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| Who were Pinel and Turke? | First supporters and activists of moral treatment
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| What is Thorndikes law of effect? | If a response is followed by a positive consequence response will be repeated if a response is followed by a negative one it wont
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| What are behaviorist interested in | thinking and feeling
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| What are humanistic interested in | self esteem emotions, thinks we are genetically programmed to be as good as posible.
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| What did Rogers believe | Person is the center and there are 3 conditions of worth genuineness, unconditional positive regaurd, empathy
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| What did Gostaut think | Cake ingrediants, all are needed and we need to focus on the now
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| What is an enmensed family | youre so close you cant breathe
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| what is a disengaged family | dont talk very often
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| What are biases that increase anxiety | gay, gender, weight
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| What is Idiographic | individual information about clients that could help a person overcome problems specific to them
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| what is an Assessment | collecting information to reach a conclusion
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| Clinical assessment | How and why a person is behaving abnormally using interviews tests and observations
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| Standardize | set up common steps to be followed no matter who is administering, also helpful to do when reading so we can avoid biasis
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| Reliability | consistancy of measures should answer the same in the same situations
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| Interrater reliability | needs more than one judge because it isnt black or white
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| validity | accurately measure what its intended to measure
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| face validity | may seem correct because it would make sense but could be wrong
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| predictive | test to judge what will happen in the future, for example on kids ot see if they will become smokers
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| concurrent validity | degree in which the tool compares with one already in use
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| Clinical interviews | face to face encounter
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| What happens in the first contact with a clinical interview | detailed list of problems feels and reason for therapy
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| psychodynamic | needs memories past events and relationships
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| behaviorial | try to pinpoint stimulus and consequences
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| cognitive | assumptions and interpretations
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| humanistic | self evaluation and values
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| biological | chemicals and dysfunction
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| sociocultural | family and the social environments impacts
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| Unstructured | ask open ended questions, usually for humanistic and psychodynamic
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| Structured | Designed for same questions for everyone regaurdless of answer, behavioral and cognitive uses
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| Mental Status exam | set of questions that evaluate clients awareness and regaurd to time place attention memory judgement and insight through content mood and appearance
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| What are the limitations of clinical tests | clients may alter themselves for personal reasons, we rely on first impressions too highly, people respond differently to inverviewers based on race gender and age
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| Test | device for gathering information, currently 500 in US
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| Projective test | Do little tasks like draw or interpret for inner feelings to come out
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| Rorschach Test | A projective test, Inkplot
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| Thematic Appreciation | Projective test 30 general pictures of people, you have to tell a story
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| Sentence Completion | Projective spring board for discussion
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| Drawing | Projective Must draw humans and the details reveal
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| Personality Inventories | asks questions about behavior beliefs and feelings
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| What is MMPI2 | Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, more than 500 true false questions with 10 scales rating 0-120 for each
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| Psychathenia | Obsessions compulsions abnormal fears guilt and indecisiveness
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| Response inventories | more specific questions about themselves with emotion or social or cognitive to understand its role in a person
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| Affective | measures severity as well
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| Beck Depression Inventory | Rates the level of sadness and functioning
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| Psychophysilogical | measures physical response to psychological things like heart rate temperature and blood pressure
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| Example of Psychophysiliogical | polygraph test
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| Neuro test | electroencephalogram- brain qaves and neron fire
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| Cat scan | x ray
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| Pet Scan | motion picture of chemicals
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| MRI | magnets create detailed picture
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| Neuropsycho Test | measure cognitive perceptual and motor
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| Bender Visual motor gestult test | look at a picture and redraw it
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| intellegence test | Judge reason and comprehend well can only be indirectly measured
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| Simon and Binet | IQ Test
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| DSM 4TR | Diagnostic statistical manual of mental disorders text revised volume 4
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| comorbid | more than one diagnosis
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| EAP | employee assiistance program, we send mental illness to hospital, hospital sends employees to therapists
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| milieu | enviornment thats helpful with meditation
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| Dorthea Dix | In US made it so that there were laws for humane treatement and got 32 state hospitals
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| If you wanted a career in which you focus on detecting, assessing, and treating abnormal patterns of functioning, you should look into becoming a | clinical practitioner
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| Brilliant scholars or champion athletes are not considered clinically abnormal because | their behaviors are valued by the culture.
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| Which aspect of the definition of abnormality includes the inability to care for oneself and work productively? | dysfunction
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| Which of the following statements is most accurate regarding the incidence of psychological abnormality, historically and worldwide? | it appears in all cultures at all periods of time
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| made to drink bitter herbal potions and then submit to a beating, in the hope that “evil spirits” will be driven from the person's body. This form of “therapy” is called | exorcism
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| The largest percentage of survery respondents believe that | people bring on mental illness themselves
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| Which of the following is part of the legacy of Dorothea Dix | state mental hospitals
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| Hippocrates' model of mental illness would be described as | somatogenic
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| The somatogenic treatment for mental illness that seems to be the most successful is the use of | various medications
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| The early psychogenic treatment that was advocated by Mesmer, Josef Breuer, and even Sigmund Freud was | hypnotism
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| Freud was all about | unconscious
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| Psychoanalysis is NOT very effective for hospitalized mental patients because | patients lack the necessary insight and verbal skills.
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| Drugs designed to decrease extremely confused and distorted thinking are termed | antipsychotics
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| If your primary symptom were excessive worry, the best psychotropic drug for you would be an | antianxiety medicine
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| In the United States today, one is most likely to find a severely ill mental patient | on the street or in jail
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| Wich of the following research methods is used to determine a relationship between two variables, but does not prove cause and effect | correlational
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| Which of the following is not a common feature of managed care programs? | patients choice in how many sessions of therapy
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| A physician who offers psychotherapy is called a | psychiatrist
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| Somatogenic Perspective | abnormal psych functioning has physical causes
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| Psychogenic Perspective | the chief causes of abnormal functioning are psychological
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| A panel of psychologists and psychiatrists evaluates the test results and clinical interviews of a client in a sanity hearing. They all arrive at the same diagnosis. The panel has high: | interrater reliability
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| An inventory that asks about one's level of anxiety, depression, and anger | affective inventory
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| In science, the perspectives used to explain phenomena are known as | paradigms
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| Understanding a person's unconscious processes is critical in explaining abnormality.” Which model of abnormality does this quote most closely represent? | psychodynamic
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| “Abnormal” behaviors—indeed, all behaviors—are acquired through learning.” Which model of abnormality does this quote most closely represent? | behavior
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| Depression has been linked to which neurotransmitter abnormality | low activity of serotonin and norepinephrine
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| Freud believed that the three central forces that shape the personality were the | instinctual needs, realistic thinking, and conscience.
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| A psychoanalyst says that a middle-aged patient appears to be extremely dependent, mistrustful, and depressed. The term the psychoanalyst would most likely use for this patient is: | fixiated
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| According to psychoanalytic theory, which of the following is true regarding dreams | they reflect unconscious needs and desires
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| A previously neutral environmental event that becomes associated with the unconditioned stimulus is called a | conditioned stimulus
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| A client in a totally relaxed state vividly imagines formerly anxiety-arousing situations without feeling any lingering anxiety. Most likely, that client has just completed what type of therapy | systematic desensitization
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| deinstitutionalized | began in 1960's mass releasing of mental illness paitents
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| psychotrophic medications | mainly affect the brain and reduces dysfunction
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| moral treatment | 19th century approach using respect and talking
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| asylum | 16th century almost like a prison
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| single subject experiment | observations and experiments on single subject before and after manipulated
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| analogue experiment | experimenter produces abnormal behavior in subjects then experiments on them
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| quasi experiment | make use of already existing control and experimental factors in the large world
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| placebo experiment | a sham that people beleive to be real
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| blind design | people do not know if they are in the experiment or control group
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| confound | an element that affects the dependent variable other than the independent
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| prevalence | total number of cases of a disorder in a population over time
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| epidimiological | prevalance and incidence in population
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| external validity | the extent that the results can be generalized to the population
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| nomethetic understanding | understanding of nature causes and treatments in abnormal psychology in form of laws and principles
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| hormones | released by glands into the bloodstream
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| Diathesis | Predisposition
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| Ediology | cause, psych social and biological
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| id | pleasure center
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| ego | reality and reason
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| superego | conscience ideal self
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| oral | 0-1
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| anal | 1-2
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| phallic | 3-5
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| genital | puberty and beyond
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| cartharsis | perging of the mind
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| transference | emotional bond
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| existential | meaningless until we find a value for it
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| Axis 1 | an extensive list of clinical sydromes causing impairment ex. major depressive disorder
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| Axis 2 | Personality disorder/ mental retardation example dependent personality disorder
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| Axis 3 | information concerning relevant general medical condition example diabetes
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| Axis 4 | special psychosocial or enviornmental problems example school or housing problems
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| Axis 5 | global assessment of functioning GAF of 1-100 on severity
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