Vet Med term
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| rumination | regurgitation, remastication, ensalivation, and reswollowing of partially digested food. Occurs in Rummants.
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| Peristalsis | invoulntary wavelike movment of the intersinal tract propelling contents through the gastrointestinal tract
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| Omnivores | eat meat and plants
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| Herivores | eat plants
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| Carnivores | eat meat
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| Labia | lips
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| Chol/e, chol/o | bile
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| Chyl/e, chyl/o | milky fluid
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| Ptyal/o | saliva
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| amyl/o | starch
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| what are the functions of the gi tract | prehnsion of food transpert of foodbreakdown of foodabsoption of foodcarries waste to be eliminated form the body
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| what are the structures of gi | mouth, teeth, tongue, pharanyx, esophagus, stmach, intestines.
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| what are the accessory organs | salivary glands, liver, pancreas
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| sheep goats horses have what kind that help them to pick up food | Soft flexiable lips
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| cattle and hogs have | shift and immobile lips
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| rats have so that they can chew through material without having to ingest it | lips that meet behingd the inscisors
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| members of the camel family have allowing them to graze without digging up the roots | upperlips that split
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| conical papillae | cone-shaped finger-like projections found onthr inside of the lips of ruminants. Prevents food from escaping from the mouth.
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| oral cavity contains | gums teeth and tongue
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| what is the palate | it forms the roof of the mouth
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| hard palate | rigid bony structure covered with mucous membranes that contains transverse ridges of thickend membrane
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| soft palate | parition between mouth and the nasoharanyx that is composed of muscle and covered with mucous membranes.
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| cheeks | formed by buccinator muscle(keeps food between the teeth while chewing) and the buccal pad
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| tongue | keeps food between the teeth during chewing puts pressure on the hard palate to aid in the swallowing used for the food prehension, licking, grooming, lapping up fluid
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| lingual frenulum | anchors underside of the tongue to floor of the mouth
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| papillae | elevation on the sides and the upper surface of the tongue.
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| gingivae/ gingiva | covers the surfaces of the maxilla and the mandible and forms a collar around each tooth very vascular
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| teeth | number vary between species and diet
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| deciduous teeth | functions to cut and grind food and to provide defenserabbits and rodents have only one set of teeth that grow throughout life
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| carnivoers have | brachydont teeth
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| crown | projects above gumline
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| neck | located in gumline
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| root | fixes the tooth in the socket(bony Alveoulus)
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| enamel | encases the crown( hardest substance of body)
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| Cementum | encases the root. Cementum is bonelike
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| dentin | lise under the enamel and cementum and makes up the bulk of the tooth
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| Alveolar Bone | is the bony structure that supports the teeth
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| pulp cavity | inside the dentin and conatins the tooths nerve and blood supply
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| perodental ligament | connects cementum to bone of the alveolus
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| periodontium | peridontal ligament+ the connections in the cementum+ surrounding Alveolaer bone
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| herbivores have | hypsodont teeth
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| incisors | front teeth that are used for shearing and cutting grass. aslo defense
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| canines | "fangs eyeteeth, wolf teeth, tusks," used to them prominent in carnivore. Used for defense
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| premolars and Molars | "cheek teeth," grind food to a size that can be swallowed.
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| dental formulas | indicates the number of each teeth on 1 side of the mouth ICPM
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| lingual | surface of the teeth next to tongue
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| buccal | surface of teeth next to the cheeck
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| labial | surface of teeth next to the lips
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| occusal | surface of teeth for chewing
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| Salivary glands | paratid(next to the parietal bone), mandibular, sublingual, Zygomatic(only in dogs)
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| saliva | serous fluid secreted by the salivary glands that funcions to dissolve or lubicated food, facilitate swallowing, and initiate digestion.
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| Pharynx | passage way for air and food
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| Esophagus | muscular tube from the pharaynx through the diaphragm to the stomach dilates as food passes through
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| voluntary swallowing | passage of food from the mouth to the pharaynx. at this point the larynx is blocked by the epiglottis so food should olgy the right way the tounge helps
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| 1st invoulntary swallowing | reflex phase that passes the food from the esophagus to the stomach. respiration is surppressed as to keepfood from going into the trachea
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| 2nd invoulntary swallowing | muscles contract the food through the cardiac sphinctor into the stomach
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| peritoneum | membranes that lines the abdominal cavity; holds viscera in place
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| omentum | fold of pertioneum overlying organs, esp stomach. lace like in apperance
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| mesentary | peritoneal fold that attaches the intestines to the dorsal
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| nonruminant | simple stomached
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| Monogastric | single chambered stomach located caudal to diaphragm on the left side of the body 3 main parts: fundus, body, pylorus
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| sphincter muscle | muscles that are ring shaped that close an opening when they contract
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| cardiac sphincter | located between the esophagus and stomach . food enters when it relaxes. sphincters thightens when digestion is taking place. prvents reflux.
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| pyloric sphincter | located between the pylorus and the duodneum. contracts to revent stomach conents from escaping during digestion. relaxes to allow contents to leave stomach and continue to intestines.
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| layers of intestinal wall (from inner to outer) | mucosa, submucosa, muscular externa, serosa
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| chyme | smeifluid contents of stomach after digestionmoves through digestive tract via peristalsis
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| 4 chambers of a ruminant stomach | rumen, recticulum, omansum, abomasum1st 3 chambers ferment the food.
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| Fermination | anaerobic conversion of organic compounds such as carbohydrates, to
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