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APHY101 Chapter 16

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Question
Answer
http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/2808225_dynB.jpg   Hormonal   Humoral   >>Neural      
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/2808225_dynC.jpg   >>Hormonal   Humoral   Neural      
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/2808226_dynA.jpg   Hypophyseal portal veins   Primary capillary plexus   Secondary capillary plexus   Secretory cells of the adenohypophysis   >>Neurons in the ventral hypothalamus  
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/2808226_dynB.jpg   Hypophyseal portal veins   >>Primary capillary plexus   Secondary capillary plexus   Secretory cells of the adenohypophysis   Neurons in the ventral hypothalamus  
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/2808226_dynC.jpg   >>Hypophyseal portal veins   Primary capillary plexus   Secondary capillary plexus   Secretory cells of the adenohypophysis   Neurons in the ventral hypothalamus  
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/2808226_dynD.jpg   Hypophyseal portal veins   Primary capillary plexus   >>Secondary capillary plexus   Secretory cells of the adenohypophysis   Neurons in the ventral hypothalamus  
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/2808226_dynE.jpg   Hypophyseal portal veins   Primary capillary plexus   Secondary capillary plexus   >>Secretory cells of the adenohypophysis   Neurons in the ventral hypothalamus  
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/2808227_dynA.jpg   Iodine is attached to tyrosine in colloid   >>Thyroglobulin synthesized/discharged into follicle lumen   Iodinated tyrosines are linked to form T3 & T4   Enzymes cleave T3 & T4 from colloid/hormones diffuse into blood   Thyroglobulin colloid is combined with lysosome  
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/2808227_dynB.jpg   Iodine is attached to tyrosine in colloid   Thyroglobulin synthesized/discharged into follicle lumen   Iodinated tyrosines are linked to form T3 & T4   Thyroglobulin colloid is combined with lysosome   >>Iodide is actively transported in  
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/2808227_dynC.jpg   >>Iodine is attached to tyrosine in colloid   Thyroglobulin synthesized/discharged into follicle lumen   Thyroglobulin colloid is combined with lysosome   Enzymes cleave T3 & T4 from colloid/hormones diffuse into blood   Iodide is actively transported in  
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/2808227_dynD.jpg   Iodine is attached to tyrosine in colloid   Thyroglobulin colloid is combined with lysosome   >>Iodinated tyrosines are linked to form T3 & T4   Enzymes cleave T3 & T4 from colloid/hormones diffuse into blood   Iodide is actively transported in  
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/2808227_dynE.jpg   >>Thyroglobulin colloid is combined with lysosome   Thyroglobulin synthesized/discharged into follicle lumen   Iodinated tyrosines are linked to form T3 & T4   Enzymes cleave T3 & T4 from colloid/hormones diffuse into blood   Iodide is actively transported in  
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/2808227_dynF.jpg   Iodine is attached to tyrosine in colloid   Thyroglobulin synthesized/discharged into follicle lumen   Iodinated tyrosines are linked to form T3 & T4   >>Enzymes cleave T3 & T4 from colloid/hormones diffuse into blood   Iodide is actively transported in  
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/2808228_dynA.jpg   Cortex   Zona reticularis   Adrenal medulla cells   Zona glomerulosa   >>Medulla  
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/2808228_dynB.jpg   >>Cortex   Zona reticularis   Adrenal medulla cells   Zona glomerulosa   Zona fasciculata  
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/2808228_dynC.jpg   Cortex   Zona reticularis   Zona fasciculata   >>Zona glomerulosa   Medulla  
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/2808228_dynD.jpg   >>Zona fasciculata   Zona reticularis   Adrenal medulla cells   Zona glomerulosa   Medulla  
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/2808228_dynE.jpg   Cortex   >>Zona reticularis   Zona fasciculata   Zona glomerulosa   Medulla  
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/2808228_dynF.jpg   Zona fasciculata   Zona reticularis   >>Adrenal medulla cells   Zona glomerulosa   Medulla  
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/2808229_dynA.jpg   Blood glucose levels rise   >>Rising blood sugar   Insulin   Declining blood glucose level   Glucagon  
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/2808229_dynB.jpg   Blood glucose levels rise   Rising blood sugar   >>Insulin   Glucagon   Blood glucose levels fall to normal range  
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/2808229_dynC.jpg   Blood glucose levels rise   Glucagon   Insulin   Declining blood glucose level   >>Blood glucose levels fall to normal range  
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/2808229_dynD.jpg   Glucagon   Rising blood sugar   Insulin   >>Declining blood glucose level   Blood glucose levels fall to normal range  
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/2808229_dynE.jpg   Blood glucose levels rise   Rising blood sugar   >>Glucagon   Declining blood glucose level   Blood glucose levels fall to normal range  
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/2808229_dynF.jpg   >>Blood glucose levels rise   Rising blood sugar   Insulin   Declining blood glucose level   Blood glucose levels fall to normal range  
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/Fig161A.jpg   >>Produces hormones and is considered a neuroendocrine organ.   Storehouse for the hormones produced by the hypothalamus of the brain.   Produce steroid hormones and glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids.   Produces the hormones that promote the development of the female secondary sexual characteristics at puberty.   Produces the hormones that direct the production of the secondary male sex characteristics.  
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/Fig161B.jpg   >>Storehouse for the hormones produced by the hypothalamus of the brain.   Produces hormones and is considered a neuroendocrine organ.   Produce steroid hormones and glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids.   Produces the hormones that promote the development of the female secondary sexual characteristics at puberty.   Produces the hormones that direct the production of the secondary male sex characteristics.  
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/Fig161C.jpg   >>Produce steroid hormones and glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids.   Produces hormones and is considered a neuroendocrine organ.   Storehouse for the hormones produced by the hypothalamus of the brain.   Produces the hormones that promote the development of the female secondary sexual characteristics at puberty.   Produces the hormones that direct the production of the secondary male sex characteristics.  
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/Fig161D.jpg   >>Produces the hormones that promote the development of the female secondary sexual characteristics at puberty.   Produces hormones and is considered a neuroendocrine organ.   Storehouse for the hormones produced by the hypothalamus of the brain.   Produce steroid hormones and glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids.   Produces the hormones that direct the production of the secondary male sex characteristics.  
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/Fig161E.jpg   >>Produces the hormones that direct the production of the secondary male sex characteristics.   Produces hormones and is considered a neuroendocrine organ.   Storehouse for the hormones produced by the hypothalamus of the brain.   Produce steroid hormones and glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids.   Produces the hormones that promote the development of the female secondary sexual characteristics at puberty.  
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/Fig162A.jpg   >>Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH).   Prolactin-releasing hormone (PRH).   Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH).   Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH).   Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH).  
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/Fig162B.jpg   >>Prolactin-releasing hormone (PRH).   Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH).   Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH).   Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH).   Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH).  
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/Fig162C.jpg   >>Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH).   Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH).   Prolactin-releasing hormone (PRH).   Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH).   Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH).  
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/Fig162D.jpg   >>Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH).   Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH).   Prolactin-releasing hormone (PRH).   Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH).   Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH).  
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http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/Fig162E.jpg   >>Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH).   Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH).   Prolactin-releasing hormone (PRH).   Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH).   Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH).  
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Which of the following is a steroid hormone?   >>Testosterone   Epinephrine   TSH   ACTH   PTH  
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Which of the following is NOT a major endocrine organ, but produces hormones in addition to its major function?   Pituitary   Pancreas   >>Kidneys   Thymus    
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Acromegaly is a condition resulting from the over-secretion of   thyroid hormones.   thymus gland hormones.   parathyroid hormones.   >>the growth hormone.   adrenal cortex hormones.  
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Hormonal action is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT   selectivity for specific protein receptors.   cooperative effect with other hormones.   >>degrading and removal of other hormones.   antagonistic effects between some hormones.   mechanism of up-regulating or down-regulating.  
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Steroid hormones influence cellular activities by   changing the permeability of the cell membrane.   activating cyclic AMP located outside the cell.   activating cyclic AMP located inside the cell.   >>binding to DNA and forming a gene-hormone complex.   using calcium ions as a second-messenger.  
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Sympathetic nerve stimuli are responsible for the release of   aldosterone.   >>epinephrine.   thyroid hormone.   estrogen.   insulin.  
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The action of hormones on living cells does NOT include   control of the secretory functions of the cell.   activation or deactivation of enzymes.   >>alteration of the structure of the plasma membrane.   changing the permeability of the plasma membrane.   regulation of mitotic activity of the cell.  
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The adrenal gland produces the following hormones EXCEPT   cortisone.   epinephrine.   aldosterone.   >>renin.   androgens.  
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The chemical classification of hormones does NOT include   amino acid-based hormones.   >>glucose-containing hormones.   cholesterol containing hormones.   steroid hormones.   protein-based hormones.  
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The growth-promoting functions of GH do NOT include   >>increasing the rate of glucose uptake.   increasing the cellular uptake of amino acids.   increasing the uptake of sulfur into the cartilage matrix.   increasing the blood levels of fatty acids.    
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The hypothalamus DIRECTLY controls the secretions of the   mammary gland.   adrenal gland.   gonads.   thyroid gland.   >>pituitary gland.  
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The metabolic rate of most body tissues is controlled directly by   >>TH.   TSH.   ACTH   FSH.   ADH.  
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The secretion of parathyroid hormone is a good example of   neural stimuli.   >>humoral stimuli.   hypothalamic stimuli.   pituitary gland stimuli.   hormonal stimuli.  
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The stimulus for producing insulin is   low glycogen concentration.   >>high blood glucose concentration.   low blood fatty acid concentration.   low blood glucose concentration.   low blood amino acid concentration.  
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The transcription of new messenger RNA is a function of   catecholamines.   amino acid-based hormones.   pancreatic hormones.   >>steroid hormones.   pituitary gland hormones.  
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What is the life span of most hormones?   >>0 - 30 minutes   12 - 24 hours   One week   1 - 5 hours   One month  
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Which hormone is NOT secreted by the anterior pituitary gland?   GH   ACTH   FSH   TSH   >>ADH  
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Which of the following elements is required for the synthesis of thyroid hormone?   >>Iodine   Iron   Sulfur   Copper   Zinc  
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Which of the following organs do NOT have a known endocrine function?   Stomach   Heart   Kidneys   Thyroid   >>Spleen  
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The general function of parathyroid hormones is   regulation of blood levels of glucose.   synthesis of Vitamin D.   regulating blood pressure.   regulation of menstrual cycle.   >>regulation of blood levels of calcium.  
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The hypophyseal portal system transports releasing and inhibiting hormones from the hypothalamus to the   ovaries.   parathyroid glands.   adrenal glands.   thyroid gland.   >>anterior pituitary gland. (adenohypophysis)  
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Which of the following hormones is produced by the posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis) and causes uterine contractions during childbirth?   Growth hormone   >>Oxytocin   Insulin   Epinephrine   Thyroid hormone  
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Adrenal hormones that help control the balance of minerals and water in the blood are   mineralocorticoids produced by the adrenal medulla.   norepinephrine .   glucocorticoids produced by the adrenal cortex.   >>mineralocorticoids produced by the adrenal cortex.   Epinephrine  
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A hormone produced by the pancreas that decreases blood sugar levels is   thyroid hormone.   calcitonin.   aldosterone.   glucagon.   >>insulin.  
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Which of the following signals would affect local cells by releasing chemicals into the extracellular fluid?   Neural   Endocrine   Autocrine   >>Paracrine    
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Which of the following is the property in which a hormone can NOT exhibit its full effect without another hormone?   Synergism   Assertiveness   Antagonism   >>Permissiveness    
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Which of the following is NOT a true hormone, but rather a trophic substance?   Aldosterone   Calcitonin   Thyroid hormone   >>TSH   Glucagon  
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Which of the following organs is considered a neuroendocrine organ?   the adrenal gland   >>the hypothalamus   the pituitary   the pancreas    
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Eicosanoids are not true hormones because they   >>they act locally, not on distal organs like true hormones.   mediate inflammatory reactions.   are lipid in nature.   don't have target organs.    
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All of the following apply to water soluble hormones except that   they are coupled with one or more intracellular messengers.   they act on receptors in the plasma membrane.   >>they can turn genes on.   they work through G proteins.    
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Which of the following hormones could enter the cell?   >>thyroxine   leptin   the growth hormone   insulin    
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How do protein kinases affect enzymes?   They increase the secretion of an enzyme.   >>They add a phosphate group (phosphorylation) to the enzyme.   They increase the release of an enzyme.   They break down the enzyme.    
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The " hormone response element" is located on the cell   membrane.   RNA.   enzymes.   >>DNA.    
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The binding of a hormone to its "hormone response element" would lead to the   direct activation of enzymes in the cell.   formation of cAMP.   direct activation of second messenger agents in the cell.   >>transcription of the DNA for the gene that is "turned on" by this event.    
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Water-soluble hormones exhibit the shortest   molecule.   activation time.   >>half-life.   chain of amino acids.    
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The normal endocrine controls can be directly over-ridden by the _________ system.   circulatory   >>nervous   digestive   reproductive    
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POMC is a prohormone for   insulin.   growth hormone.   >>ACTH.   thyroxin.    
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Insulin-like growth factors stimulate the uptake of   calcium.   iron.   >>sulfur.   potassium.    
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Excess growth hormone would cause all the following except   >>suppression of cancer.   acromegally in adults.   diabetes.   giantism in children.    
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Hypersecretion of ADH can occur in all of the following situations except   >>damage to the pineal gland.   after general anesthesia.   ectopic ADH secretion by pulmonary cancer.   following neurosurgery.    
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Which of the following organs is not affected by thyroxin?   kidney   liver   ovaries   >>spleen    
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Iodination of thyroid hormones is mediated by   lysosomes in the cell.   the Golgi apparatus.   >>peroxidase enzymes.   colloid endocytosis.    
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A congenital condition that includes mental retardation, short disproportional body size and a thick tongue and neck is due to   deficiency of thymosin.   >>deficiency of thyroxin.   excess of synthetic growth hormone.   insulin deficiency.    
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Osteitis fibrosa cystica is due to   >>an increase in the parathyroid hormone.   an increase in calcitonin.   an increase in ADH.   an increase in the growth hormone in an adult.    
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Insulin enhances the membrane transport of glucose in all of the following except the   >>brain.   myocardium.   adipose.   skeletal muscle.    
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Which of the following hormones would suppress insulin release?   thyroxine   >>somatostatin   epinephrine   growth hormone    
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All of the following statements about melatonin are true except:   It is derived from serotonin.   >>Its level in the blood peaks during the day.   It is secreted in a diurnal cycle.   It is a powerful antioxidant.    
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Resistin, an insulin antagonist, is a hormone produced by the   >>adipose tissue.   heart.   liver.   hypothalamus.    
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Which of the following hormones is not a peptide?   gastrin   leptin   >>cholecalciferol   renin    
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Which of the following hormones does the skin produce?   erythropoietin   renin   >>cholecalciferol   melatonin    
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Somatostatin is considered paracrine because it acts on   >>acts locally on cells other than those that secrete it.   the cells that secrete it.   the hypothalamus to inhibit or activate the secretion of other hormones.   distant target organs.    
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Gluconeogenesis occurs in the liver due to the action of   aldosterone   insulin   secretin   >>cortisol    
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Normal development of the immune response is due in part to hormones produced by the   adrenal medulla   pancreas   thyroid gland   >>thymus gland    
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Virtually all of the protein or amino acid-based hormones exert their effects through intracellular   ions   deactivators   nucleotides   >>second messengers    
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Which of the following is not a category of endocrine gland stimulus?   >>enzyme   humoral   neural   hormonal    
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Chemical substances secreted by cells into the extracellular fluids that regulate the metabolic function of other cells in the body are called   enzymes   antibodies   proteins   >>hormones    
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The hypothalamic-hypophyseal tract   connects the hypophysis to the pituitary gland   >>is partly contained within the infundibulum   conducts aldosterone to the hypophysis   is the site of prolactin synthesis    
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Tropic hormones   >>include ACTH and TSH   do not regulate the function of other endocrine glands   exert their effects on cells by direct gene activation   include GH and PRL    
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Growth hormone   is also called somatostatin   is regulated by humoral mechanisms   secretion results in a decrease in muscle mass   >>promotes long bone growth during the formative years    
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Oxytocin   >>release is an example of a positive feedback control mechanism   is an adenohypophyseal secretion   exerts its most important effects during menstruation   controls milk production    
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ADH   increases urine production   promotes dehydration   is produced in the adenohypophysis   >>is inhibited by alcohol    
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Thyroid hormone exerts its influence by   >>entering some cells and binding to intracellular receptors within the nuclei   exerting only a minor effect on body metabolism   causing a reduction in the number of blood vessel adrenergic receptors, and therefore decreasing blood pressure   acting to decrease basal metabolic rate    
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Gonadocorticoid(s)   synthesized by the adrenal medulla are primarily androgens   >>production by the adrenal gland is insignificant compared with sex hormone release from the gonads during late puberty   secretion inhibition is highly dependent on a negative feedback loop involving ACTH   hypersecretion can result in adrenogenital syndrome, also called feminization    
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Sometimes prolonged excessive exposure to high hormone concentrations causes a phenomenon known as   diabetes mellitus   cellular inhibition   >>down-regulation   metabolism of protein kinases    
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Which of the following is not a change that may be caused by hormonal stimulus?   a change in membrane potential   the stimulation of a genetic event resulting in protein synthesis   an increase in enzymatic activity   >>direct control of the nervous system    
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The ability of a specific tissue or organ to respond to the presence of a hormone is dependent on   the location of the tissue or organ with respect to the circulatory path   the membrane potential of the cells of the target organ   >>the presence of the appropriate receptors on the cells of the target tissue or organ   nothing–all hormones of the human body are able to stimulate any and all cell types because hormones are powerful and nonspecific    
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Several hormones are synthesized in the hypothalamus and transported to the anterior pituitary gland. The mechanism of transportation from hypothalamus to anterior pituitary gland is through the   hepatic portal system   general circulatory system   >>hypophyseal portal system   feedback loop    
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The neurohypophysis or posterior lobe of the pituitary gland is not a true endocrine gland because   it is strictly a part of the neural system and has little or nothing to do with hormonal release   embryonically it was an endocrine tissue, but in the adult human it is no longer functional   it is unable to function as an endocrine tissue because it is actually part of the neural system due to its location   >>it is only a hormone storage area that receives hormones from the hypothalamus for release    
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Insulin, a small (51-amino-acid) protein, is synthesized by the beta cells of the pancreas. This hormone is released   in excessive amounts in obese people   in response to severe physical stress (i.e., a ten -mile run)   >>when the body's glucose level rises   when the body's glucose level drops    
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Steroid hormones exert their action by   >>entering the nucleus of a cell and initiating or altering the expression of a gene   finding an appropriate cell receptor and initiating cAMP activity   stimulating the synthesis of a glycogen   increasing blood pressure    
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The second-messenger mechanism of hormone action operates by   synthesizing more of the hormone than is actually needed   increasing the basal metabolic rate in the target organ   not responding to a feedback mechanism   >>binding to specific receptors and employing the services of G proteins and cAMP    
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Hormones often cause a cell to elicit multiple responses; this is because   there are thousands of receptors on the cell membrane   the receptors bind to several hormones at the same time   the protein kinases are rapidly metabolized   >>during protein kinase activation, enzymes phosphorylate many other enzymes    
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Cells that respond to peptide hormones usually do so through a sequence of biochemical reactions involving receptor and kinase activation. In order for cells to respond, it is necessary for first and second messengers to communicate. This is possible beca   peptide hormones always enter the cell membrane and elicit a response without assistance from other messengers   hormones alter cellular operations through stimulation of a gene directly   >>G protein acts as the link between first and second messengers   the hormone receptor complex moves into the cytoplasm as a unit    
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Thyroid hormone (a small iodinated amine) enters target cells in a manner similar to   insulin, because insulin is a small peptide   >>steroid hormones, because both diffuse easily into target cells   growth hormone, because the thyroid works synergistically with thyroid hormone   glucagon, because the structure of glucagon is similar to that of thyroid hormone    
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When it becomes necessary to enlist the fight -or-flight response, a hormone that is released during the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome is   estrogen   >>epinephrine   angiotensinogen   renin    
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One of the least complicated of the endocrine control systems directly responds to changing blood levels of ions and nutrients. Which of the following describes this mechanism?   the rapid oxidation of carbohydrates   catabolic inhibition   protein synthesis   >>humoral stimulation    
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The major targets of growth hormone are   the blood vessels   the adrenal glands   the liver   >>bones and skeletal muscles    
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The parathyroid glands maintain adequate levels of blood calcium. This is accomplished through   blocking the action of growth hormone   >>targeting the bone and activating osteoclasts so that calcium will be released   antagonizing the synthesis of calcitonin   slowing the activity of tissues that require calcium for activity    
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Which organ is responsible for synthesizing ANP?   >>the heart   the kidney   the skin   the spleen    
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Mineralocorticoid is to aldosterone as glucocorticoid is to   testosterone   estrogen   >>cortisol   epinephrine    
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Leptin is secreted by   lymphocytes   >>adipocytes   goblet cells   fibroblasts    
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The most important regulator of electrolyte concentrations in extracellular fluids is   insulin   >>aldosterone   glucagon   cortisol    
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Which of the following is not a steroid-based hormone?   estrogen   aldosterone   >>epinephrine   cortisone    
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Which of the following does not act as a second messenger in second-messenger systems of hormone action?   cyclic AMP   >>calmodulin   cyclic GMP   inositol triphosphate    
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Select the correct statement about the structure or function of chemical messengers.   Prostaglandins are biologically active peptides.   Modified cholesterol forms the main structural component of the peptone hormones.   >>An amino acid derivative can be a hormone.   An example of a paracrine is testosterone.    
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Which of the following would be associated with the action of steroids on cells?   extracellular receptors with a specificity for only a single amino acid sequence on the hormone   an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of cyclic AMP   second-messenger systems   >>a hormone-receptor complex that interacts directly with the cell's DNA    
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Cellular responses to hormones that initiate second -messenger systems include   >>possible activation of several different second -messenger systems   cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase formation of an active second messenger   formation of a specific protein kinase that acts on a series of extracellular intermediates   hormone binding to intracellular receptors    
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Regulating hormones from the hypothalamus   enter venous circulation and travel to the heart, which pumps the hormone -containing blood to the pituitary   enter the hepatic portal system, which feeds the pituitary   travel by arteries to the pituitary   >>first enter into the hypophyseal portal system    
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ACTH   is secreted by the posterior pituitary   >>secretion is regulated by a hypothalamic secretion   causes the release of hormones from the adrenal medulla   is not a tropic hormone    
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Which of the following is true about calcium homeostasis?   Increased calcitonin levels will cause increased blood calcium levels.   High calcium levels cause bone resorption.   Parathyroid hormone causes an increase in osteoblast activity.   >>Parathyroid hormone is the single most important regulator of calcium levels in the blood.    
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Aldosterone   is secreted by the neurohypophysis   >>functions to increase sodium reabsorption   presence increases potassium concentration in the blood   production is greatly influenced by ACTH    
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The only amine hormone to act like a steroid is   >>TH   ACTH   GH   ADH    
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Which organ does not have hormone production?   heart   kidney   >>liver   skin    
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In circumstances where the body requires prolonged or increased levels of a hormone, the DNA of target cells will specify the synthesis of more receptors on the surface of the cells of the target organ. This is known as   the cell's sensitivity reaction   cellular affinity   >>up-regulation   a reaction to a stressor    
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Eicosanoids do not include   paracrines   leukotrienes   >>hydrocortisones   prostaglandins    
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A man has been told that he is not synthesizing enough follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and for this reason he may be unable to father a child. Choose the correct statement to explain this problem.   FSH stimulates estrogen secretion by ovarian cells; therefore it is not synthesized by males.   The physician is wrong–a hormone made in the adenohypophysis could not influence fertility.   >>FSH stimulates sperm production in the testes.   The man must be producing progesterone, which inhibits the synthesis of FSH.    
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Which of the following organs is affected by thyroid hormone in adults?   >>liver   spleen   thyroid gland   brain    
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Thyroxine is a peptide hormone, but its mechanism is different from other peptide hormones. Which of the following statements is true concerning this difference?   It causes positive feedback.   >>It does not require a second messenger to effect a response.   It is very specific in the cell type it targets.   It is a stimulant of cellular metabolism and targets all cells.    
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Factors that inhibit TSH release do not include   growth hormone-inhibiting hormone (GHIH)   rising levels of glucocorticoids   somatostatin   >>excessively high blood iodine concentrations    
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Glucocorticoids enable the body to deal appropriately with stress. They accomplish this by   >>increasing blood glucose, fatty acid, and amino acid levels and enhancing blood pressure   decreasing the heart rate, thus decreasing blood pressure   stimulating the pancreas to release insulin   blocking the neurotransmitters that prepare the body for the stress response    
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What ion is sometimes used as a second messenger of amino acid -base hormones?   Iron   >>Calcium   Sodium   Chlorine    
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Adenohypophysis   ADH   Aldosterone   >>TSH   Calcitonin   Melatonin  
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Neurohypophysis   >>ADH   Aldosterone   TSH   Calcitonin   Melatonin  
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Thyroid gland   ADH   Aldosterone   TSH   >>Calcitonin   Melatonin  
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Adrenal gland   ADH   >>Aldosterone   TSH   Calcitonin   Melatonin  
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Pineal gland   ADH   Aldosterone   TSH   Calcitonin   >>Melatonin  
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FSH   >>Stimulates development of the follicle in the ovaries   Stimulates the kidney tubules to reabsorb water from urine   Stimulates the thyroid gland   Stimulates the adrenal cortex   Mobilizes fats, spares glucose, and promotes the protein synthesis necessary for growth  
🗑
GH   Stimulates development of the follicle in the ovaries   Stimulates the kidney tubules to reabsorb water from urine   Stimulates the thyroid gland   Stimulates the adrenal cortex   >>Mobilizes fats, spares glucose, and promotes the protein synthesis necessary for growth  
🗑
ACTH   Stimulates development of the follicle in the ovaries   Stimulates the kidney tubules to reabsorb water from urine   Stimulates the thyroid gland   >>Stimulates the adrenal cortex   Mobilizes fats, spares glucose, and promotes the protein synthesis necessary for growth  
🗑
TSH   Stimulates development of the follicle in the ovaries   Stimulates the kidney tubules to reabsorb water from urine   >>Stimulates the thyroid gland   Stimulates the adrenal cortex   Mobilizes fats, spares glucose, and promotes the protein synthesis necessary for growth  
🗑
ADH   Stimulates development of the follicle in the ovaries   >>Stimulates the kidney tubules to reabsorb water from urine   Stimulates the thyroid gland   Stimulates the adrenal cortex   Mobilizes fats, spares glucose, and promotes the protein synthesis necessary for growth  
🗑
Insulin   Decrease in body metabolism   >>High levels of blood sugar   Decrease in blood Ca2+ levels   Loss of body fluids   Loss of Na+ from extracellular fluids  
🗑
ADH   Decrease in body metabolism   High levels of blood sugar   Decrease in blood Ca2+ levels   >>Loss of body fluids   Loss of Na+ from extracellular fluids  
🗑
Aldosterone   Decrease in body metabolism   High levels of blood sugar   Decrease in blood Ca2+ levels   Loss of body fluids   >>Loss of Na+ from extracellular fluids  
🗑
Thyroxine   >>Decrease in body metabolism   High levels of blood sugar   Decrease in blood Ca2+ levels   Loss of body fluids   Loss of Na+ from extracellular fluids  
🗑
Parathyroid hormone   Decrease in body metabolism   High levels of blood sugar   >>Decrease in blood Ca2+ levels   Loss of body fluids   Loss of Na+ from extracellular fluids  
🗑
Thyroid stimulating hormone   Increases contractions of uterine smooth muscle   Causes the adrenal cortex to produce hormones   >>Stimulates the production of thyroxine   Affects functions of the ovaries and testes   Causes cells to undergo mitosis and increase in size  
🗑
Growth hormone   Increases contractions of uterine smooth muscle   Causes the adrenal cortex to produce hormones   Stimulates the production of thyroxine   Affects functions of the ovaries and testes   >>Causes cells to undergo mitosis and increase in size  
🗑
Oxytocin   >>Increases contractions of uterine smooth muscle   Causes the adrenal cortex to produce hormones   Stimulates the production of thyroxine   Affects functions of the ovaries and testes   Causes cells to undergo mitosis and increase in size  
🗑
Adrenocorticotropic hormone   Increases contractions of uterine smooth muscle   >>Causes the adrenal cortex to produce hormones   Stimulates the production of thyroxine   Affects functions of the ovaries and testes   Causes cells to undergo mitosis and increase in size  
🗑
Follicle-stimulating hormone   Increases contractions of uterine smooth muscle   Causes the adrenal cortex to produce hormones   Stimulates the production of thyroxine   >>Affects functions of the ovaries and testes   Causes cells to undergo mitosis and increase in size  
🗑
TSH   Released from posterior pituitary; causes kidneys to conserve water   Released from anterior pituitary; causes ovarian follicles to grow and produce estrogen and spermatogenesis in the testes.   >>Released from anterior pituitary; causes thyroid gland to synthesize thyroxine   Released from anterior pituitary; causes ovulation and interstitial cells to produce testosterone in the testes   Released from posterior pituitary; causes uterine contractions  
🗑
FSH   Released from posterior pituitary; causes kidneys to conserve water   >>Released from anterior pituitary; causes ovarian follicles to grow and produce estrogen and spermatogenesis in the testes.   Released from anterior pituitary; causes thyroid gland to synthesize thyroxine   Released from anterior pituitary; causes ovulation and interstitial cells to produce testosterone in the testes   Released from posterior pituitary; causes uterine contractions  
🗑
LH   Released from posterior pituitary; causes kidneys to conserve water   Released from anterior pituitary; causes ovarian follicles to grow and produce estrogen and spermatogenesis in the testes.   Released from anterior pituitary; causes thyroid gland to synthesize thyroxine   >>Released from anterior pituitary; causes ovulation and interstitial cells to produce testosterone in the testes   Released from posterior pituitary; causes uterine contractions  
🗑
Oxytocin   Released from posterior pituitary; causes kidneys to conserve water   Released from anterior pituitary; causes ovarian follicles to grow and produce estrogen and spermatogenesis in the testes.   Released from anterior pituitary; causes thyroid gland to synthesize thyroxine   Released from anterior pituitary; causes ovulation and interstitial cells to produce testosterone in the testes   >>Released from posterior pituitary; causes uterine contractions  
🗑
ADH   >>Released from posterior pituitary; causes kidneys to conserve water   Released from anterior pituitary; causes ovarian follicles to grow and produce estrogen and spermatogenesis in the testes.   Released from anterior pituitary; causes thyroid gland to synthesize thyroxine   Released from anterior pituitary; causes ovulation and interstitial cells to produce testosterone in the testes   Released from posterior pituitary; causes uterine contractions  
🗑
Prolactin   Raises blood Ca2+ levels   Stimulates milk ejection from mammary glands   Increases metabolic rate   Lowers blood Ca2+ levels   >>Stimulates milk production  
🗑
Oxytocin   Raises blood Ca2+ levels   >>Stimulates milk ejection from mammary glands   Increases metabolic rate   Lowers blood Ca2+ levels   Stimulates milk production  
🗑
Thyroxine   Raises blood Ca2+ levels   Stimulates milk ejection from mammary glands   >>Increases metabolic rate   Lowers blood Ca2+ levels   Stimulates milk production  
🗑
Calcitonin   Raises blood Ca2+ levels   Stimulates milk ejection from mammary glands   Increases metabolic rate   >>Lowers blood Ca2+ levels   Stimulates milk production  
🗑
Parathyroid hormone   >>Raises blood Ca2+ levels   Stimulates milk ejection from mammary glands   Increases metabolic rate   Lowers blood Ca2+ levels   Stimulates milk production  
🗑
Calcitonin   Adrenal cortex   >>Thyroid gland   Adrenal medulla   Pituitary gland   Parathyroid glands  
🗑
Parathyroid hormone   Adrenal cortex   Thyroid gland   Adrenal medulla   Pituitary gland   >>Parathyroid glands  
🗑
Adrenocorticotropic Hormones   Adrenal cortex   Thyroid gland   Adrenal medulla   >>Pituitary gland   Parathyroid glands  
🗑
Glucocorticoids   >>Adrenal cortex   Thyroid gland   Adrenal medulla   Pituitary gland   Parathyroid glands  
🗑
Epinephrine   Adrenal cortex   Thyroid gland   >>Adrenal medulla   Pituitary gland   Parathyroid glands  
🗑
Pineal gland   >>Melatonin   Atrial natriuretic peptide   Testosterone   HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin)   Thymosin  
🗑
Testes   Melatonin   Atrial natriuretic peptide   >>Testosterone   HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin)   Thymosin  
🗑
Thymus   Melatonin   Atrial natriuretic peptide   Testosterone   HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin)   >>Thymosin  
🗑
Heart   Melatonin   >>Atrial natriuretic peptide   Testosterone   HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin)   Thymosin  
🗑
Placenta   Melatonin   Atrial natriuretic peptide   Testosterone   >>HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin)   Thymosin  
🗑
Melatonin   Associated with sexual maturity in males; needed for normal sperm production   Reduces blood volume, blood pressure, and blood sodium concentration by signaling the kidneys   >>Associated with drowsiness at night   Helps to sustain pregnancy   Essential for normal immune response  
🗑
Testosterone   >>Associated with sexual maturity in males; needed for normal sperm production   Reduces blood volume, blood pressure, and blood sodium concentration by signaling the kidneys   Associated with drowsiness at night   Helps to sustain pregnancy   Essential for normal immune response  
🗑
Thymosin   Associated with sexual maturity in males; needed for normal sperm production   Reduces blood volume, blood pressure, and blood sodium concentration by signaling the kidneys   Associated with drowsiness at night   Helps to sustain pregnancy   >>Essential for normal immune response  
🗑
Atrial natriuretic peptide   Associated with sexual maturity in males; needed for normal sperm production   >>Reduces blood volume, blood pressure, and blood sodium concentration by signaling the kidneys   Associated with drowsiness at night   Helps to sustain pregnancy   Essential for normal immune response  
🗑
HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin)   Associated with sexual maturity in males; needed for normal sperm production   Reduces blood volume, blood pressure, and blood sodium concentration by signaling the kidneys   Associated with drowsiness at night   >>Helps to sustain pregnancy   Essential for normal immune response  
🗑
Adipose tissue   Erythropoietin   Gastrin   Cholecystokinin   >>Leptin   Cholecalciferol  
🗑
Skin   Erythropoietin   Gastrin   Cholecystokinin   Leptin   >>Cholecalciferol  
🗑
Kidney   >>Erythropoietin   Gastrin   Cholecystokinin   Leptin   Cholecalciferol  
🗑
Duodenum of small intestine   Erythropoietin   Gastrin   >>Cholecystokinin   Leptin   Cholecalciferol  
🗑
Stomach   Erythropoietin   >>Gastrin   Cholecystokinin   Leptin   Cholecalciferol  
🗑
Leptin   Stimulates the stomach to release hydrochloric acid   >>Binds to CNS neurons concerned with appetite control   Stimulates the release of bile   Activated by the kidneys to Vitamin D; stimulates active absorption of Ca2+ by intestinal cells   Stimulates the production of red blood cells  
🗑
Cholecalciferol   Stimulates the stomach to release hydrochloric acid   Binds to CNS neurons concerned with appetite control   Stimulates the release of bile   >>Activated by the kidneys to Vitamin D; stimulates active absorption of Ca2+ by intestinal cells   Stimulates the production of red blood cells  
🗑
Erythropoietin   Stimulates the stomach to release hydrochloric acid   Binds to CNS neurons concerned with appetite control   Stimulates the release of bile   Activated by the kidneys to Vitamin D; stimulates active absorption of Ca2+ by intestinal cells   >>Stimulates the production of red blood cells  
🗑
Cholecystokinin   Stimulates the stomach to release hydrochloric acid   Binds to CNS neurons concerned with appetite control   >>Stimulates the release of bile   Activated by the kidneys to Vitamin D; stimulates active absorption of Ca2+ by intestinal cells   Stimulates the production of red blood cells  
🗑
Gastrin   >>Stimulates the stomach to release hydrochloric acid   Binds to CNS neurons concerned with appetite control   Stimulates the release of bile   Activated by the kidneys to Vitamin D; stimulates active absorption of Ca2+ by intestinal cells   Stimulates the production of red blood cells  
🗑
Glucagon   >>Pancreas   Posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis)   Anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis)   Kidneys   Thyroid gland  
🗑
TSH   Pancreas   Posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis)   >>Anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis)   Kidneys   Thyroid gland  
🗑
Thyroxine   Pancreas   Posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis)   Anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis)   Kidneys   >>Thyroid gland  
🗑
Renin   Pancreas   Posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis)   Anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis)   >>Kidneys   Thyroid gland  
🗑
ADH   Pancreas   >>Posterior pituitary (neurohypophysis)   Anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis)   Kidneys   Thyroid gland  
🗑
Glucagon   >>Increases the blood sugar level by stimulating the liver   Increases water reabsorption in kidney tubules   Increases red blood cell production   Stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine   Increases the metabolic rate  
🗑
TSH   Increases the blood sugar level by stimulating the liver   Increases water reabsorption in kidney tubules   Increases red blood cell production   >>Stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine   Increases the metabolic rate  
🗑
Thyroxine   Increases the blood sugar level by stimulating the liver   Increases water reabsorption in kidney tubules   Increases red blood cell production   Stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine   >>Increases the metabolic rate  
🗑
Erythropoietin   Increases the blood sugar level by stimulating the liver   Increases water reabsorption in kidney tubules   >>Increases red blood cell production   Stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine   Increases the metabolic rate  
🗑
ADH   Increases the blood sugar level by stimulating the liver   >>Increases water reabsorption in kidney tubules   Increases red blood cell production   Stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine   Increases the metabolic rate  
🗑
FSH & LH   Gonadocorticoids   >>Gonadotropins   Glucocorticoids   Mineralocorticoids    
🗑
Cortisol   Gonadocorticoids   Gonadotropins   >>Glucocorticoids   Mineralocorticoids    
🗑
Androgens   >>Gonadocorticoids   Gonadotropins   Glucocorticoids   Mineralocorticoids    
🗑
Aldosterone   Gonadocorticoids   Gonadotropins   Glucocorticoids   >>Mineralocorticoids    
🗑
Gonadotropins   Increase blood levels of glucose, fatty acids and amino acids during stress   Produce masculinizing effects when produced in large quantities   >>Regulate functions of gonads in both sexes   Regulate Na+ reabsorption by the kidneys and thereby regulates other electrolyte levels    
🗑
Glucocorticoids   >>Increase blood levels of glucose, fatty acids and amino acids during stress   Produce masculinizing effects when produced in large quantities   Regulate functions of gonads in both sexes   Regulate Na+ reabsorption by the kidneys and thereby regulates other electrolyte levels    
🗑
Androgens   Increase blood levels of glucose, fatty acids and amino acids during stress   >>Produce masculinizing effects when produced in large quantities   Regulate functions of gonads in both sexes   Regulate Na+ reabsorption by the kidneys and thereby regulates other electrolyte levels    
🗑
Mineralocorticoids   Increase blood levels of glucose, fatty acids and amino acids during stress   Produce masculinizing effects when produced in large quantities   Regulate functions of gonads in both sexes   >>Regulate Na+ reabsorption by the kidneys and thereby regulates other electrolyte levels    
🗑
Posterior pituitary   Aldosterone   Epinephrine   Insulin   >>Antidiuretic hormone   Growth hormone  
🗑
Anterior pituitary   Aldosterone   Epinephrine   Insulin   Antidiuretic hormone   >>Growth hormone  
🗑
Pancreas   Aldosterone   Epinephrine   >>Insulin   Antidiuretic hormone   Growth hormone  
🗑
Adrenal cortex   >>Aldosterone   Epinephrine   Insulin   Antidiuretic hormone   Growth hormone  
🗑
Adrenal medulla   Aldosterone   >>Epinephrine   Insulin   Antidiuretic hormone   Growth hormone  
🗑
Antidiuretic hormone   >>Causes kidneys to conserve water   Stimulates embryonic cells (stem cells) to undergo mitosis   Increases Na+ reabsorption in the kidneys   Increases cell reactions during sympathetic response   Facilitates glucose transport into cells  
🗑
Growth hormone   Causes kidneys to conserve water   >>Stimulates embryonic cells (stem cells) to undergo mitosis   Increases Na+ reabsorption in the kidneys   Increases cell reactions during sympathetic response   Facilitates glucose transport into cells  
🗑
Insulin   Causes kidneys to conserve water   Stimulates embryonic cells (stem cells) to undergo mitosis   Increases Na+ reabsorption in the kidneys   Increases cell reactions during sympathetic response   >>Facilitates glucose transport into cells  
🗑
Aldosterone   Causes kidneys to conserve water   Stimulates embryonic cells (stem cells) to undergo mitosis   >>Increases Na+ reabsorption in the kidneys   Increases cell reactions during sympathetic response   Facilitates glucose transport into cells  
🗑
Epinephrine   Causes kidneys to conserve water   Stimulates embryonic cells (stem cells) to undergo mitosis   Increases Na+ reabsorption in the kidneys   >>Increases cell reactions during sympathetic response   Facilitates glucose transport into cells  
🗑
Lowered levels of Ca2+ in the blood. (is Restored By)   Aldosterone   Calcitonin   Glucagon   Insulin   >>Parathyroid hormone  
🗑
Too much Ca2+ in the blood (is Restored By)   Aldosterone   >>Calcitonin   Glucagon   Insulin   Parathyroid hormone  
🗑
Elevated levels of blood sugar (is Restored By)   Aldosterone   Calcitonin   Glucagon   >>Insulin   Parathyroid hormone  
🗑
Decreased levels of blood sugar (hypoglycemia) (is Restored By)   Aldosterone   Calcitonin   >>Glucagon   Insulin   Parathyroid hormone  
🗑
Excessive loss of Na+ in extracellular fluids (is Restored By)   >>Aldosterone   Calcitonin   Glucagon   Insulin   Parathyroid hormone  
🗑
The end of a nine month pregnancy (is Restored By)   Adrenal cortex   Pancreas   Parathyroid gland   >>Posterior pituitary   Anterior pituitary  
🗑
Loss of Na+ from profuse sweating (is Restored By)   >>Adrenal cortex   Pancreas   Parathyroid gland   Posterior pituitary   Anterior pituitary  
🗑
High blood sugar due to eating too many sweets (is Restored By)   Adrenal cortex   >>Pancreas   Parathyroid gland   Posterior pituitary   Anterior pituitary  
🗑
Drop in blood levels of Ca2+ due to extreme inactivity (is Restored By)   Adrenal cortex   Pancreas   >>Parathyroid gland   Posterior pituitary   Anterior pituitary  
🗑
Delayed or stunted growth (is Restored By)   Adrenal cortex   Pancreas   Parathyroid gland   Posterior pituitary   >>Anterior pituitary  
🗑
Gigantism   Oversecretion of catecholamines   Insulin deficiency   Hyposecretion of ADH   >>Overproduction of GH   Hypersecretion of thyroid hormone  
🗑
Diabetes mellitus   Oversecretion of catecholamines   >>Insulin deficiency   Hyposecretion of ADH   Overproduction of GH   Hypersecretion of thyroid hormone  
🗑
Sympathetic nervous system overactivity   >>Oversecretion of catecholamines   Insulin deficiency   Hyposecretion of ADH   Overproduction of GH   Hypersecretion of thyroid hormone  
🗑
Grave''s disease   Oversecretion of catecholamines   Insulin deficiency   Hyposecretion of ADH   Overproduction of GH   >>Hypersecretion of thyroid hormone  
🗑
Diabetes insipidus   Oversecretion of catecholamines   Insulin deficiency   >>Hyposecretion of ADH   Overproduction of GH   Hypersecretion of thyroid hormone  
🗑
Zona reticularis   Mineralocorticoids   Glucocorticoids   >>Androgens   Insulin   Glucagon  
🗑
Zona glomerulosa   >>Mineralocorticoids   Glucocorticoids   Androgens   Insulin   Glucagon  
🗑
Zona fasciculata   Mineralocorticoids   >>Glucocorticoids   Androgens   Insulin   Glucagon  
🗑
Beta cells   Mineralocorticoids   Glucocorticoids   Androgens   >>Insulin   Glucagon  
🗑
Alpha cells   Mineralocorticoids   Glucocorticoids   Androgens   Insulin   >>Glucagon  
🗑
Humoral   Axons cause hormone release   Hormone release is dependent upon other hormone levels   >>Monitoring blood levels of substances and correct them      
🗑
Neural   >>Axons cause hormone release   Hormone release is dependent upon other hormone levels   Monitoring blood levels of substances and correct them      
🗑
Hormonal   Axons cause hormone release   >>Hormone release is dependent upon other hormone levels   Monitoring blood levels of substances and correct them      
🗑
An autoimmune problem involving the thyroid gland.   Pituitary dwarfism   Diabetes mellitus   Addison's disease   >>Graves' disease   Acromegaly  
🗑
Hyposecretion of growth hormone.   >>Pituitary dwarfism   Diabetes mellitus   Addison's disease   Graves' disease   Acromegaly  
🗑
Hyposecretion of the pancreas.   Pituitary dwarfism   >>Diabetes mellitus   Addison's disease   Graves' disease   Acromegaly  
🗑
Hyposecretion of the adrenal cortex.   Pituitary dwarfism   Diabetes mellitus   >>Addison's disease   Graves' disease   Acromegaly  
🗑
Hypersecretion of growth hormone.   Pituitary dwarfism   Diabetes mellitus   Addison's disease   Graves' disease   >>Acromegaly  
🗑
Hyposecretion of the thyroid in adults.   Cretinism   >>Myxedema   Cushing's disease   Acromegaly    
🗑
Hypersecretion of the adrenal cortex.   Cretinism   Myxedema   >>Cushing's disease   Acromegaly    
🗑
Hypersecretion of growth hormone.   Cretinism   Myxedema   Cushing's disease   >>Acromegaly    
🗑
Hyposecretion of the thyroid in infants.   >>Cretinism   Myxedema   Cushing's disease   Acromegaly    
🗑
The size and shape of a pea; produces hormones that stimulate other endocrine glands.   Parathyroid   Adrenal medulla   Pancreas   Thyroid   >>Hypophysis  
🗑
The gland that controls the fight-or-flight reaction.   Parathyroid   >>Adrenal medulla   Pancreas   Thyroid   Hypophysis  
🗑
Produces hormones that regulate glucose levels in the body.   Parathyroid   Adrenal medulla   >>Pancreas   Thyroid   Hypophysis  
🗑
Produces a hormone that controls blood levels of calcium and potassium by their removal from bone tissue.   >>Parathyroid   Adrenal medulla   Pancreas   Thyroid   Hypophysis  
🗑
Produces the body's major metabolic hormones.   Parathyroid   Adrenal medulla   Pancreas   >>Thyroid   Hypophysis  
🗑
http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/2808224_dynA.jpg   Receptor-hormone complex   >>Receptor-chaperonin complex   Molecular chaperones      
🗑
http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/2808224_dynB.jpg   Receptor-hormone complex   Receptor-chaperonin complex   >>Molecular chaperones      
🗑
http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/2808224_dynC.jpg   >>Receptor-hormone complex   Receptor-chaperonin complex   Molecular chaperones      
🗑
http://www.ywmarketing.com/APHY102/2808225_dynA.jpg   Hormonal   >>Humoral   Neural      
🗑


   

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