WGU Ethics terms
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| Who was the great German philosopher focused on duty-driven ethics, sometimes called deontology? | Immanuel Kant
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| Who believes that the guilty will their punishments through Universal law. | Immanuel Kant
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| Whose ethics primarily concern human self determination and freedom. | Immanuel Kant
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| Consistent or inconsistent with Kant on human autonomy and dignity: One should not strive to benefit from one's interaction with others. | Consistant
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| Consistent or inconsistent with Kant on human autonomy and dignity: It is wrong to treat others merely as tools to be used to attain a goal of maximum happiness. | Consistant
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| Consistent or inconsistent with Kant on human autonomy and dignity: People must recognize others' capacity to give or withhold consent. | Consistant
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| Consistent or inconsistent with Kant on human autonomy and dignity: Respect for human dignity requires people to act to maximize their pleasure and minimize their pain. | Inconsistant
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| Consistent or inconsistent with Kant on human autonomy and dignity: True autonomy results from acting according to desires, without regard to moral permissability. | Inconsistant
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| What are ethical theories that maintain that the moral rightness or wrongness of an action depends on its intrinsic qualities, and not on its practical consequences | Deontological ethics
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| What is an absolute and universal moral demand or obligation founded on reasoning. | Categorical Imperative
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| From which all our duties and obligations are derived is called? | Categorical Imperative
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| What comes to us through reason; it is more important than anything personal we wish or desire. | Categorical Imperative
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| Categorical Imperative is an absolute and universal moral demand or obligation founded on reasoning. According to... | Kant
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| It is a rule for making other rules (or what Kant calls ... | maxims
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| An act is categorical if it is something that applies to ________ in _____. | everyone in all instances
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| For Kant considered categorical imperatives to be binding on rational agents,you had to be willing to have _____act on that rule. | everyone
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| Once an action is defined as a categorical imperative it (is or is not) up to you to choose whether you should follow it. | is not, it must be followed.
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| In Kant's ethical system a _____ _____ must be acted on the same way and every time the situation arises. | categorical imperative
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| What are actions conditioned on some goal or desire. | hypothetical imperatives
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| What have “if” statements: “If you want to pass the course, you ought to study for it.” | hypothetical imperatives
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| What is a procedure for reasoning if an act is morally permissible and if it is a moral obligation. A formal principle. | Maxim
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| According to Kant: A moral demand or obligation with no exceptions; actions based on this rule are always right (or wrong) independently of any further considerations. | Absolute Rules
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| What rules allow us to be moral agents whose conduct is guided by universal laws. | Absolute Rules
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| In Kant’s ethical system these would be the human skeleton below the flesh. | Absolute Rules
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| What is unconditional good? | Good Will
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| To apprehend what they should do and to do it from a sense of duty is called? | Good Will
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| Being in control of your own life is called? | Autonomy
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| The applicability of a moral rule to all is called? | Universalizability
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| All humans should be treated with unconditioned esteem and respect is called? | Dignity
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| Kant believes that humans are “above all price,” expressing that this value--its worth--is limitless or infinite. | Dignity
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| Kant argued: “Always treat humanity, whether in yourself or in other people, as an end in itself and never as a mere means.” | primacy of human dignity
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| This is the unconditional respect and esteem all humans should receive just in virtue of being rational and human. | Dignity
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| Kant did not think personal ______ was a right to be bestowed but rather it was the natural expression of all humans. | freedom
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| Kant was a fervent(passionate) believer in the rights of _______ of thought and speech. | freedom
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| Kant’s accounts of human _______ demands that we view human agents as capable of self-determination, and principle of duty. | freedom
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| What is the ancient law of retaliation? | Retributivism
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| Kant believes that justice by retribution(paybacks) adheres to his concept of ________. | human dignity
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| Punishment can only address the crime, and it must be proportionate to the crime. Kant (Retributivism)or Bentham (Utilitarian) philosophy? | Kant's Principle
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| "an eye for an eye." Kant (Retributivism)or Bentham (Utilitarian) philosophy? | Kant's Principle
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| justice treats criminals as rational agents who are responsible for their conduct. Kant (Retributivism)or Bentham (Utilitarian) philosophy? | Kant's Principle
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| If we respond with punishment that is "in kind" with the crime we are adhering to justice because we are punishing no more and no less than what is equal to the crime. Kant (Retributivism)or Bentham (Utilitarian) philosophy? | Kant's Principle
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| punishment also respects the guilty; punishment is the will of the guilty: "His own evil deed draws the punishment upon himself." Kant (Retributivism)or Bentham (Utilitarian) philosophy? | Kant's Principle
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| Punishment treats the guilty as ends-in-themselves. Kant (Retributivism)or Bentham (Utilitarian) philosophy? | Kant's Principle
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| Wants punishment to benefit society. Kant (Retributivism)or Bentham (Utilitarian) philosophy? | Bentham's Principle
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| Punishment begins with acceptance that punishment is evil because it is identified with the mistreatment of a person. Kant (Retributivism)or Bentham (Utilitarian) philosophy? | Bentham's Principle
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| Only justification for using punishment is if it increases the good for the greatest number of people. Kant (Retributivism)or Bentham (Utilitarian) philosophy? | Bentham's Principle
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| Provides comfort to victims and families. Kant (Retributivism)or Bentham (Utilitarian) philosophy? | Bentham's Principle
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| Reduces the number of criminals on the street. Kant (Retributivism)or Bentham (Utilitarian) philosophy? | Bentham's Principle
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| acts as a deterrent against criminal behavior. Kant (Retributivism)or Bentham (Utilitarian) philosophy? | Bentham's Principle
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| Punishment offers the opportunity to rehabilitate the criminal and return him or her to society as a productive citizen. Kant (Retributivism)or Bentham (Utilitarian) philosophy? | Bentham's Principle
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