X-Ray Tube
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Isotropic Emission | Spherical pattern, x-rays fly off in all directions
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| Cathode Assembly | Filament, Focusing Cup, Wiring
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| Filament | Coiled Tungsten Wire
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| Focusing Cup | Direct and Concentrate Beam
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| Thermionic Emission | The boiling off of electrons due to heat from current running through filament
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| Space Charge | Where boiled off electrons hang out
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| Why Tungsten Filament | Low Vaporization, High Melting Point
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| Focusing Cup | Made of Nickel and surrounds the filament
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| Focusing Cup | Negatively Charged
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| Dual Focus | Two Filaments, one large and one small
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| Vaporization | Reduces vacuum, causes high voltage arching, increases filtration of primary beam
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| Average Tube Life | 6 -9 hrs., 10,000 - 20,000 exposures
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| Causes of Tube Failure | Arching, Filament Breakage
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| Anode | Target for Electrons
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| Rotating Anode | 3300 - 3600 RPM
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| Rotor | Made of copper to draw away excessive heat
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| Wheel | Molybdenum
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| Focal Spot | Where Electrons Hit Anode
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| Focal Track | Made of Tungsten-Rhenium Alloy
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| Tungsten-Rhenium Alloy | High Melting Point, High Atomic Number, Good Heat Conductor
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| Pitting | Caused from Heat and Failure of Rotor
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| Anode Functions | Target Surface, Conducts High Voltage Back Into X-Ray Generator, Primary Heat Conductor
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| Grid Bias Tube | Used When Exposure Needs To Be Turned Off Quickly
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| Positively Charged Focusing Cup | Grid Bias Tube
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| 3rd Wire In Grid Bias Tube | Focusing Cup
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| Actual Focal Spot | Cathode to Anode
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| Effective Focal Spot | Anode to Film
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| Small Angle | Small Focal Spot
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| Smaller Beam | More Detail
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| Most common Anode Angle | 12 Degrees
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| Size of effective focal spot is controlled by | Size of filament, Angle of Anode
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| Magnification Radiography | Fractional Focal Spots- (Under 1mm)
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| Anode Heel Effect | Cathode side of tube produces more x-ray because anode absorbs rays that are deflected towards it
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| Stator | Located outside of glass envelope, makes rotor turn
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| Ball Bearings | Ensure no wobble when rotor turns
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| Silver coated ball bearings | High heat and no lubrication
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| Glass Envelope | Pyrex
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| Degassing | Creates vacuum inside glass envelope and prevents blocking of electrons and x-ray photons
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| Window | Area where beam comes out of tube
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| Thin window | Won't absorb (filter out) x-rays
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| Protective Housing | Blocks stray radiation, Helps get rid of heat
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| Dielectric oil | Insulator and heat absorber
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| Oil between window and housing | Dielectric
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| Functions of the Tube Housing | Absorbs scatter and leakage radiation, Insulates and Absorbs Heat, Protects the tube from breakage
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| Leakage radiation | Must be < 100 mR/hr at 1 meter
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| Off focus radiation | Not produced at Focal spot
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| Follows anatomy and reveals soft tissue | Leakage or off focus radiation
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| Scatter Radiation | Covers entire film and creates fog
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| Electro magnet | Stator
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| Manual warm up | Low energy and long exposure time
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Created by:
Ranapipins
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