emotional behavior for physiological psychology
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| 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) | a serotonin metabolite
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| ACTH | See Adrenocorticotropic hormone
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| Amyloid-_ (or _-amyloid) | protein that accumulates to higher than normal levels in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease
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| Antibody | Y-shaped protein that fits onto an antigen and weakens it or marks it for destruction
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| Antigen | protein on the surface of a microorganism in response to which the immune system generates antibodies
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| Behavioral Activation System (BAS) | brain system associated with low to moderate arousal and a tendency to approach
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| Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS) | brain system associated with increased attention and arousal and inhibited action
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| Behavioral medicine | field that includes the influence of eating and drinking habits, smoking, stress, exercise, and other behavioral variables on health
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| Benzodiazepines | class of widely used antianxiety drugs
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| Cortisol | hormone released by the adrenal cortex that elevates blood sugar and enhances metabolism
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| Cytokines | chemicals released by the immune system that attack infections and communicate with the brain to elicit anti-illness behaviors
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| Diazepam-binding inhibitor (DBI) | brain protein that blocks the behavioral effects of diazepam and other benzodiazepines
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| Endozepine | brain protein that counteracts the effects of benzodiazepines
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| GABAA receptor complex | structure that includes a site that binds GABA, as well as sites that bind other chemicals that modify the sensitivity of the GABA site
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| General adaptation syndrome | generalized response to any kind of stress
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| HPA axis | hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and adrenal cortex
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| Immune system | set of structures that protects the body against viruses and bacteria
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| James-Lange theory | proposal that an event first provokes autonomic and skeletal responses and that emotion is the perception of those responses
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| Leukocyte | white blood cell; a component of the immune system
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| Limbic system | set of forebrain areas regarded as critical for emotion, which form a border around the brainstem, including the olfactory bulb, hypothalamus, hippocampus, amygdala, cingulate gyrus of the cerebral cortex, and several other smaller structures
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| Panic attack | period marked by extreme sympathetic nervous system arousal
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| Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) | condition resulting from a severe traumatic experience, leading to flashbacks and nightmares about the traumatic event, avoidance of reminders of it, and exaggerated arousal in response to noises and other stimuli
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| Psychoneuroimmunology | study of the ways in which experiences, especially stressful ones, alter the immune system and how the immune system in turn influences the central nervous system
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| Pure autonomic failure | condition in which output from the autonomic nervous system to the body fails
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| Startle reflex | response that one makes after a sudden, unexpected loud noise or similar sudden stimulus
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| Stress | nonspecific response of the body to any demand made upon it
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| Turnover | release and resynthesis of a neurotransmitter
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