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CH 1 Vocab

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Term
Definition
Biology   Study of life  
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Organization   Atom, Molecule, Organelle, Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System. The high degree of order within an organism's internal and external parts  
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Cell   Smallest unit that can perform all life's processes  
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Unicellular   Made up of one cell (bacteria)  
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Multicellular   Made up of multiple cells (humans/trees)  
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Organs   Structures that carry out specialized jobs within an organ system  
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Tissues   Groups of cells that have similar abilities and that allow the organ to function  
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Organelles   Tiny structures that carry out functions necessary for the cell to stay alive  
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Biological Molecules   Chemicals compounds that provide physical structure and that bring about movement, energy use, and other cellular functions  
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Homeostasis   The maintenance of a stable level of internal conditions even though environmental conditions are constantly changing  
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Metabolism   The sum of all the chemical reactions that take in and transform energy and materials from the environment  
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Cell Division   The formation of two new cells from an existing cell  
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Development   The process by which an organism becomes a mature adult  
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Reproduction   Essential for continuation of species. Where organisms produce new organisms like themselves  
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Gene   A short segment of DNA that contains the instructions for a single trait of an organism  
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Domains   Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya  
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Kingdoms   Eukarya-animal, plant, fungus, protist / Archaea / Bacteria  
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Ecology   The branch of biology that studies organisms interacting with each other and the enviroment  
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Ecosystems   Communities of living species and their physical environment  
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Evolution   Descent with modification  
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Natural Selection   Theory which organisms that have certain favorable traits are better able to survive and reproduce successfully than organisms that lack these traits  
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Adaptions   Traits that improve an individuals ability to survive and reproduce  
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Observation   The act of perceiving a natural occurrence that causes someone to pose a question  
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Hypothesis   A proposed explanation for the way a particular aspect the natural world functions  
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Prediction   Forecasts what would happen in a test situation  
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Experiment   Used to test a hypothesis and its predictions  
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Control Group   Provides a normal standard against which the biologist can compare results of the experimental group  
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Experimental Group   Identical to the control group except for the IV  
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IV   The experimenter manipulates it, affect the DV  
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DV   Responding variable, affected by the IV  
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Theory   When a set of related hypothesis is confirmed to true of many times and can explain a great amount of data  
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Peer Review   Where scientists read and critique a research paper  
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Compound Light Microscope   Microscope that shines light through a specimen and has two lenses to magnify an image  
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Eyepiece   Magnifies image (10x)  
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Obj. Lens   Enlarges the image  
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Stage   Supports a slide holding a specimen  
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Light source   Provides light for viewing an image  
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Magnification   The increase of an objects apparent size  
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Nosepiece   Structure that holds the set of obj. lens  
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SEM   Passes beams over surface of specimen. 3 dimensional images (100,000x)  
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TEM   Transmits a beam of electrons through a very thinly sliced specime (200,00x)  
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Metric System   Standard system of measurement  
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Base Units   Describe length, mass, time, and other quantities  
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