A&P chapter 7
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| arthroscopy | visualization of the interior of a joint by using an
endoscope
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| bunion | abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the big toe
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| crepitation/crepitatis | clicking or crackling sound heard upon joint movement
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| subluxation | an incomplete dislocation
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| oseteoarthritis | aka DJD or degenerative joint disease - most common form
of arthritis results from wear and tear on the joints (hips and
knees)
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| joint | articulation
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| smooth/visceral muscle | found in the walls of hollow organs and tubes such as stomach, intestines, blood vessels & respiratory passageways
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| shoulder muscle | deltoid
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| calf muscle | gastrocnemius
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| muscle of the fleshy part of the buttocks | gluteus maximus
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| supination | the act of turning the palm up or forward
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| pronation | the act of turning the palm down or backward
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| chest muscle | pectoralis major
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| dorsiflexion | bending the foot backward or upward at the ankle
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| vastus lateralis | located on the outer side of the femur (sight for IM injections)
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| flexion | bending motion that decreases the angle between two bones
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| extension | straightening motion that increases the angle between two
bones
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| plantar flexion | bending the foot downward at the ankle as in ballet dancing
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| insertion | point of attachment of the muscle to the bone it moves
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| origin | point of attachment of the muscle to the bone that is less
movable
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| ganglion | cystic tumor developing on a tendon (sometimes on back of
wrist)
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| arthralagia | pain in the joints
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| arthritis | inflammation of the joints
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| masseter muscle | located at the angle of the jaw - raises the mandible and
closes the jaw - used when biting or chewing
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| adduction | movement toward midline
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| abduction | movement away from midline
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| rotator cuff | helps lift and rotate the arm - hold the head of the humerus
in places during abduction of the arm (shoulder)
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| involuntary muscles | cardiac and smooth/visceral
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| voluntary muscles | skeletal
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| striated muscles | cardiac and skeletal
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| non-striated muscles | smooth/visceral
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| myocitis | inflammation of the muscle
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| myalgia | muscle pain
fibromyalgia = chronic condition - muscle pain throughout
the body
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| sciatica | inflammation of the sciatic nerve characterized by pain
along the course of the nerve, radiating through the thigh and
down the back of the leg
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| bursa | small sac that contains synovial fluid for lubricating the area
around the joint
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| dystonia | pertaining to bad tone
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| ligament | attaches bone to bone
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| tendon | attaches muscle to bone
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| fascia | thin sheets of fibrous connective tissue that penetrate and cover the entire muscle
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| polyarthritis | inflammation of many joints
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| polymyocitis | inflammation of many muscles
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| atrophy | without development - wasting away
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| dystrophy | bad formation
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| rotation | turning of the bone on its own axis
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| circumduction | movement of an extremity around in a circular motion
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| plegia | paralysis
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| paresis | partial paralysis
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| sprain | injury involving the ligaments that surround and support
a joint - wrenching or twisting motion (knee, ankle)
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| strain | injury to the body of the muscle or attachment of a tendon
caused by overstretching, overextension or misuse
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| sutures | fibrous joints, immovable (cranial)
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| cartilaginous joint | the bones are connected by cartilage - symphysis = joint
between the pucbic bones of the pelvis
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| inversion | movement where toes are turned inward towards midline
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| eversion | movement where toes are turned outward away from midline
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| sternocleidomastoid | muscle that extends from the sternum upward along the side
of the neck to the mastoid process (behind the ear) - assists with bending your neck and turning head side to side
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| dislocation | displacement of a bone from its normal location within a joint
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