Chapter 6
Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in
each of the black spaces below before clicking
on it to display the answer.
Help!
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| Occipitofrontalis | raise of the eyebrow
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| Orbicularis | closes the eyelids and causes "crows feet" wrinkles in the skin at the lateral corner of the eye.
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| Orbicularis oris | puckers the lips
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| Buccinator | flattens the cheeks
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| Orbicularis and buccinator | kissing lips
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| Zygomaticus | smiling muscles
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| Levator labii superioris | sneering
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| Depressor anguli oris | frowning
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| Muscles of the Head and neck | facial muscles
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| Mastication | chewing
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| How many pairs mastication muscles ? | four
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| How many pair of pterygoids? | two
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| Intrinsic tongue muscles | change the shape of the tongue
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| Extrinsic Tongue muscles | move the tongue
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| Sternocleidomastoid | lateral neck muscle and prime mover
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| Platysma | sheetlike muscle that covers the anterolateral neck
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| Erector spine | group of muscles on each side of the back.
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| Responsibility of erector spine | keeping back straight and body erect
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| Thoracic Muscle | mucsles that move the thorax
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| Most involved in breathing | External intercostals and Internal intercostals
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| External intercostals | elevate the ribs during inspiration
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| Internal intercostals | contract during forced expiration
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| Diaphragm | accomplishes quiet breathing
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| Diaphragm shape | Dome-shape muscle
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| Abdominal wall muscle | flex and rotate the vertebral column, compress the abdominal cavity, hold in the abdominal viscera
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| Linea alba | the tendinous area of the abdominal wall
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| What does the Linea alba consist of ? | white connective tissue rather than muscle
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| Tendinous inscriptions | Crosses the rectus abdominis at three or more locations
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| Scapular Movement | Trapezius, Serratus Anterior
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| Trapezius | Rotates scapula
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| Serratus Anterior | pulls scapula anteriorly
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| Arm Movement | Pectoralis major, Latissimus dorsi, Deltoid muscle
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| what is the arm attacked to? | Attached to thorax
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| Pectoralis Major | adducts and flexes arm
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| Latissimus Doris | Medially rotates, adducts, powerfully extends the arm,
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| Swimmer Muscles | Latissimus Doris
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| Deltoid | Attaches the humerus to the scapula and clavicle. major abductor of Upper Limb
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| Forearm Movement | Triceps Brachii, Biceps Brachii, Brachialis, Brachioradialis
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| Triceps Brachii | Extends the forearm, Occupies the Posterior compartment of the arm
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| Biceps Brachii | Flexes the forearm, Occupies the anterior compartment of arm
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| Brachialis | Flexes forarm
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| Broachioradialis | Flexes and supinates the forearm
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| Wrist Movement | Flexor, Extensor Carpi
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| Fingers Movement | Flexor, Extensor digitorum
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| Flexor Carpi | Flexes the wrist
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| Externsor Carpi | Extends the wrist
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| Flexor Digitorum | Flexes the fingers
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| Extends Digitorum | Extends the fingers
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| How many hand Muscles | 19
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| Intrinsic Hands Muscles | Hand muscles
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| Interossi Muscles | located between metacarpals, respondible for abduction and adduction of the fingers
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| Thigh Movement | Gluteus maximus, Gluteus Medius
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| Gluteus Maximus | Buttocks, Contributes most of the mass
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| Gluteus Medius | Hip muscles and common injection site.
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| Leg movement | Quadriceps femoris, Sartorius, Hamstring muscles
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| Quadriceps femoris | extends the leg, anterior thigh muscle
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| Sartorius | Tailors Muscle, flexes thigh
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| Hamstring Muscle | Posterior thigh muscle, flexes the leg and extends the thigh
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| Gastrocnemius and soleus | form the calf muscles
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| Calcaneal tendon | flex the foot and toes
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| Achilles tendons | Calcaneal tendons
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| Peroneus Muscle | The lateral muscles of the leg
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| intrinsic foot muscle | flex extends, abduct, adduct the toes
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| 20 muscles located with the foot | Intrinsic foot muscles
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| 4 major Functions | Contractility, Excitablilty, Extensibility, Elasticity
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| Contractility | Ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force
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| Excitability | Capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus
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| Extensibility | Ability to stretched
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| Elasticity | recoil to their original resting length after they have been stretched
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| Epimysium | Each skeletal muscle is surrounded by connective tissue sheath
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| Fascia | Connective tissue located outside Epimysium, surrounds and separates muscles.
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| Permiysium | surrounded by loose connective tissue
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| Fibers | Fasciculi are composed of single muscles
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| Endomysium | Each fiber is surrounded by connective tissue sheath
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| cytoplasm of each fiber | Myofibrils
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| Myofibrils | threadlike structure that extends from one end of the fiber to the other.
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| Actin Myofilaments | thin, 2 minutes strands of pearls twisted together
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| Myosin | thick, bundles of minute golf clubs
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| Sacomeres | Actin and myosin myofilaments form highly ordered units
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| Resting membrane potential | outside of most cell membranes is positively charged, inside of the cell membrane, negatively charged.
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| Motor neurons | nerve cells carry actin potentials to skeletal muscle fibers
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| Muscle Twitch | contraction of an entire muscle in response to a simulus that causes the actin potential in one or more muscle fibers
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| 3 phases | lag, contraction, relaxation
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| Lag Phase | beginning of a contraction
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| Contraction Phase | time of contraction
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| Relaxation Phase | time during which the muscle relaxes
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