Duke PA Menopause
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| Late menopause occurs after the age of __ | 55
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| Premature menopause occurs before age of __ | 40
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| Define natural menopause | The permanent cessation of menstruation resulting from the loss of ovarian follicular activity
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| Natural menopause occurs after __ months of consecutive amenorrhea without pathological or physiological cause | 12
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| Biological markers that indicate menopause | There are none
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| The phase in women marking transition from the reproductive phase to the non-reproductive state | Climacteric
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| Perimenopause or menopausal transition usually lasts __ years with a range of __ years | 4, 2-9
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| What are the hormonal changes in menopausal/perimenopausal women | Decreased ovarian estrogen, androgen, and progesterone
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| After menopause androgen mainly comes from the __ | Adrenal glands
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| Postmenopausal ovary secretes more __ | Androgen than estrogen
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| Factors that may delay menopause | Multiparity, increased BMI, history of OCP use
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| Neuroendocrine symptoms of menopause | Hot flashes/flushes
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| Integument symptoms of menopause | Dry hair, hair loss, facial hirsutism, dry mouth
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| Skeletal symptoms of menopaus | Osteoporosis, fractures, back pain
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| Vocal symptoms of menopause | Lower voice
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| Breast symptoms of menopause | Reduced sized, softer, loss of ligamentous supports
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| Cardiac symptoms of menopause | Coronary artery disease
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| Vaginal symptoms of menopause | Dyspareunia, vaginitis
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| Uterus/pelvic floor symptoms of menopause | Uterovaginal prolapse
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| Bladder/urethral symptoms of menopause | Cystoureteritis, ectropion, frequency, urgency, stress incontinence
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| Vulvar symptoms of menopause | Atrophy, dystrophy, pruritus vulvae
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| It is very unusual for a woman to have vaginal bleeding due to ovarian activity __ months after menopause | 6
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| Leading cause of death in postmenopausal women | Cardiovascular disease
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| Which exercises do not help to prevent osteoporosis | Swimming, cycling
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| If there is whitening, thickening, or cracking of vulvar tissue what do you need to do | Biopsy
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| Decreased libido is not improved with __ | Estrogen
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| What helps to increase libido in menopausal women | Testosterone, regular sexual activity
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