reproductive behaviors for biological psychology
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| Activating effect | temporary effect of a hormone on behavior or anatomy, occurring only while the hormone is present
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| Alpha-fetoprotein | protein that binds with estrogen in the bloodstream of many immature mammals
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| Androgen | class of steroid hormones that are more abundant in males than in females for most species
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| Androgen insensitivity | condition in which a person lacks the mechanism that enables androgens to bind to genes in a cell's nucleus
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| Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) | overdevelopment of the adrenal glands from birth
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| Estradiol | one type of estrogen
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| Estrogen | class of steroid hormones that are more abundant in females than in males for most species
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| Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) | anterior pituitary hormone that promotes the growth of follicles in the ovary
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| Gender identity | sex with which a person identifies
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| Hermaphrodite | individual whose genitals do not match the usual development for his or her genetic sex
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| Impotence | inability to have an erection
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| Intersex (or pseudohermaphrodite) | individual whose sexual development is intermediate or ambiguous
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| Luteinizing hormone (LH) | anterior pituitary hormone that stimulates the release of an ovum
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| Menstrual cycle | in women, periodic variation in hormones and fertility over the course of approximately 1 month
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| Müllerian ducts | early precursors to female reproductive structures (the oviducts, uterus, and upper vagina)
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| Organizing effect | long-lasting effect of a hormone that is present during a sensitive period early in development
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| Ovaries | female gonads that produce eggs
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| Oxytocin | hormone released by the posterior pituitary; also a neurotransmitter; important for sexual and parental behaviors
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| Periovulatory period | time just before and after the release of the ovum, when fertility is highest
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| Progesterone | steroid hormone which, among other functions, prepares the uterus for the implantation of a fertilized ovum and promotes the maintenance of pregnancy
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| Sensitive period | time early in development during which some event (e.g., an experience or the presence of a hormone) has a strong and long-lasting effect
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| Sexually dimorphic nucleus (SDN) | part of the medial preoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus, larger in males than in females and linked to male sexual behavior
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| SRY gene | sex-region Y gene, which causes the primitive gonads to develop into testes
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| Steroid hormone | hormone that contains four carbon rings
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| Testicular feminization | See Androgen insensitivity
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| Testis | male gonad that produces testosterone and sperm
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| Testosterone | one type of androgen
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| Wolffian ducts | early precursors to male reproductive structures
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