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Fundamentals Exam 2

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Question
Answer
A patient is experiencing oliguria. Which action should the nurse perform first?   Assess for bladder distention.  
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The nurse knows that indwelling catheters are placed before a cesarean because   Spinal anesthetics can temporarily disable urethral sphincters.  
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The nurse knows that urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common health care–associated infection because   Escherichia coli pathogens are transmitted during surgical or catheterization procedures.  
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When caring for a patient with urinary retention, the nurse would anticipate an order for   A urinary catheter.  
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Upon palpation, the nurse notices that the bladder is firm and distended; the patient expresses an urge to urinate. The nurse should follow up by asking   “When was the last time you voided?”  
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Which of the following is the primary function of the kidney?   Maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance  
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Which nursing diagnosis related to alternations in urinary function in an older adult should be a nurse’s first priority?   Risk of infection  
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A patient asks about treatment for urge urinary incontinence. The nurse’s best response is to advise the patient to   Perform pelvic floor exercises.  
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To obtain a clean-voided urine specimen for a female patient, the nurse should teach the patient to   Hold the labia apart while voiding into the specimen cup  
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When viewing a urine specimen under a microscope, what would the nurse expect to see in a patient with a urinary tract infection?   Bacteria  
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What signs and symptoms would the nurse expect to observe in a patient with excessive white blood cells present in the urine?   Fever and chills  
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The nurse would anticipate an order for which diagnostic test for a patient who has severe flank pain and calcium phosphate crystals revealed on urinalysis?   KUB x-ray  
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Which statement by the patient about an upcoming computed tomography (CT) scan indicates a need for further teaching?   “I will be anesthetized so that I lie perfectly still during the procedure.”  
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The nurse anticipates preparing a patient who is allergic to shellfish for an arteriogram by   Administering an antihistamine medication to the patient  
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A nurse anticipates urodynamic testing for a patient with which symptom?   Involuntary urine leakage  
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Many individuals have difficulty voiding in a bedpan or urinal while lying in bed because they   Would feel more comfortable assuming a normal voiding position.  
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The nurse would anticipate inserting a Coudé catheter for which patient?   A 56-year-old male admitted for bladder irrigation  
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The nurse knows that which indwelling catheter procedure places the patient at greatest risk for acquiring a urinary tract infection?   Placing the drainage bag on the side rail of the patient’s bed  
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When caring for a hospitalized patient with a urinary catheter, which nursing action best prevents the patient from acquiring an infection?   Performing hand hygiene before and after providing perineal care  
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An 86-year-old patient asks the nurse what lifestyle changes will reduce the chance of a urinary tract infection. Which response is accurate?   Increasing consumption of acidic foods such as cranberry juice will reduce the chance of infection.  
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To reduce patient discomfort during closed catheter irrigation, the nurse should   Use room temperature irrigation solution.  
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Which observation by the nurse best indicates that bladder irrigation for urinary retention has been effective?   Recording an output that is larger than the amount instilled  
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The nurse anticipates urinary diversion from the kidneys to a site other than the bladder for which patient?   A 12-year-old female with severe abdominal trauma  
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Which nursing actions are acceptable when collecting a urine specimen? (Select all that apply.)    
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The nurse properly obtains a 24-hour urine specimen collection by (Select all that apply.)    
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Which of the following are indications for irrigating a urinary catheter? (Select all that apply.)    
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Which of the following symptoms are most closely associated with uremic syndrome? (Select all that apply.)    
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The nurse understands that peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis use which processes to clean the patient’s blood? (Select all that apply.)   Osmosis Diffusion  
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