vocab
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| elasticity | the abillity of mass to return to it's natural shape
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| Vibration | the to and fro movements of mass
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| Oscillation | the back and forth movement of a vibrating body
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| Compression | That portion of a sound wave where the molecules of the medium are compressed together
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| Mass | The quantity of a body as measured in terms of its relationship to inertia. The weight of a body divided by its acceleration due to gravity.
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| Stiffness | the flexibility or pliancy of a mass. The inverse of compliance.
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| Force | the impetus required to institute or alter the velocity of a body.
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| aperiodic sound | A complex sound that varies randomly over time and does not have a fundamental frequency
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| Aperiodic wave | A wave form that does not repeat over time
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| cancellation | the reduction the the amplitude of a sound wave to zero. This results when two tones of the same frequency and amplitude are introduced 180 degrees out of phase.
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| component | A pure tone constituent of a complex wave.
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| Complex wave | a sound wave made up of a number of different sinusoids, each with a different frequency.
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| cycle | the complete sequence of events of a single sine wave through 360 degrees
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| damping | progressive diminution in the amplitude of a vibrating body.
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| decibel (dB) | a unit for expressing the ratio between two sound pressures or two sound powers; one tenth of a _____
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| Fourier analysis | the mathematical breakdown of any complex wave into its component parts, consisting of simple sinusoids of different frequencies.
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| frequency | the number of complete oscillations of a vibrationg body per unit of time
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| Forced vibration | the vibration of a mass controlled and maintained by an external impetus
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| Free vibration | the vibration of a mass independent of any external force.
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| Harmonic | Any whole-number multiple of the fundamental frequency of a complexwave. The fundamental frequency equals the first ___________
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| Hearing level (HL) | The number of decibels above an average normal threshold for a given signal.
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| Hertz | Cycles per second (cps)
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| Intensity | the amount of sound energy per unit of area.
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| Fundamental frequency | the lowest frequency of vibration in a complex wave.
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| Period | the duration (in seconds) of one cycle of vibration.
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| Periodic | repeats
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| Phase | the relationship in time between two or more waves.
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| pressure | force over an area of surface
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| pure tone | a tone of only one frequency (ie no harmonics)
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| Pitch | the subjective impression of the highness or lowness of a sound; the psychological correlate of frequency.
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| loudness | the subjective impression of the power of a sound. the unit of measurement is the sone.
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| Rarefaction | that portion of a sound wave where the molecules become less densely packed per unit of space.
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| Resonant frequency | the frequency at which a mass vibrates with the least amount of external force; the natural frequency of vibration of a mass.
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| Sensation level (SL) | The number of decibels above the hearing threshold of a given subject fr a given signal.
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| Sound pressure level (SPL) | An expression of the pressure of a sound.
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| sine wave | the waveform of a pure tone showing simple harmonic motion
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| Spectrum | the sum of the compenents of a complex wave.
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| Threshold | In audiometry, the level at which a stimulus, such as a pure tone, is barely perceptible. Usual clinical criteria demand that the level be just high enough for the subject to be aware of the sound at least 50% of the times it is presented.
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| Velocity | the speed of a sound wave in a given direction
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| wavelength | the distance between the exact same point (in degrees) on two successive cycles of a tone.
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