Diagnostic Testing- Reverse Definations
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| ischmia | a local lack of red blood cells because of mechanical obstruction of the blood supply, usually caused by arterial narrowing
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| enzyme | a protein capable of initiating a chemical reaction that involves the formation or breakage of chemical bonds. When muscle damage or death occurs, enzyme within the muscle cell are released into the circulating blood
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| bruit | a sound, especially an abnormal one, heard on auscultation or by ultrasound
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| mammography | a specialized xray of the breast
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| heparin | an anti-coagulant given to people who are at risk for developing blood clots
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| hemoglobin | used to diagnose anemia or hemorrhage
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| platelet count | counts the number of platelets
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| arterial blood gases | determines amount of O2 and CO2 dissolved in the blood
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| sputum tests | used to diagnose cause of chest infections
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| blood glucose levels | used to diagnose metabolic diseases and monitor diabetics and adjust their medication
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| midstream urine | used to diagnose urinary tract infections
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| hematologist | specialize in diagnosis, treatment, prevention, investigation of blood and lymphatic system disorders
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| gastroscopy | lining of the esophagus, stomach and small intestine are viewed using an endoscope
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| partial thromboplastin time | evaluates a component of the clotting system
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| pathologist | examines tissue samples; performs autopsies
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| stress test | sometimes called an exercise ECG
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| complete blood count | helps establish a diagnosis as part of a routine exam
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| homeostasis | healthy body is in a state of equilibrium
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| stat | immediately
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| electrolytes | includes testing for sodium, potassium and chloride
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| radiologist | interprets images of the human body
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| erythrocyte sedimentation rate | measurement of the settling of RBCs in saline or plasma solution over a specific period of time
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| heart (cardiac) enzyme | measures enzymes that can tell if a heart attack has occurred and how extensive the muscle damage is
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| cholesterol/triglycerides | measures types of fat in the blood
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| glucose tolerance test | more detailed to diagnose diabetes
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| critical value | one that indicates a life threatening situation and requires immediate attention
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| blood cultures | ordered if a client is suspected of having septicemia
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| CT or CAT scan | a type of Xray that produces three dimensional images of cross sections of body parts
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| electrocardiogram | noninvasive test that records the electrical activity of the heart via electrodes placed on the chest, arms and legs
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| autopsy | the examination of a body to determine the cause of death and/or disease processes
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| serum | the fluid portion of the blood. often used in phrases describing levels of blood components, as in serum creatinine
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| reference range | the normal range: the values expected for a particular test
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| bone mineral density | uses very small doses of radiation to check the density of bone in the spine and hip
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| magnetic resonance imaging | a diagnostic tool that uses a magnetic field to produced images of body structures and organs
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| endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography | uses an endoscope to visualize the liver and bile ducts
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| ultrasonography | a procedure that uses high frequency sound waves directed at an organ or object to produce a visual image
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| echocardiogram | uses ultrasound waves to evaluate cardiac function
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| colonoscopy | visual exam of the large intestine
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| barium enema | visualizes the lower portion of the bowel
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| barium swallow | Xray of the throat and esophagus visualized using a contrast medium that is ingested as a drink
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