Population and Migration Chapter 2 - Basic Terms of Population
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| World Population | 6.5 billion people and rising
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| Population Explosion | when population growth is taking place in areas, particularly in less developed countries, that are ill-prepared to handle growing numbers of people, leading to a population crisis
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| Underpopulation | occurs due to climatic conditions or other factors
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| Demography | study of population characteristics
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| Demography | the scientific analysis of population trends and it predicts future occurrences based on present statistics
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| Population Growth and Demographics | are important in setting political policy and allocating scarce resources
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| Two Major Factors in Demographics | crude birth rate and crude death rate
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| Crude Birth Rate | refers to the number of births per 1000 people in the population
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| Crude Death Rate | refers to the number of deaths per 1000 people in the population
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| Overpopulation | the lack of necessary resources to meet the needs of the population of a defined area
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| Necessary Resources | food, water, and shelter
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| Desert | the carrying capacity of the environment is far less than that of an agriculturally productive area
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| Carrying Capacity | the ability of the land to sustain a certain number of people
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| More People Inhabit and Area | the more likely they will reach the carriying capacity of the environment
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| Carrying Capacity is Reached | the problems of overpopulation become apparent
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| Lack of Resources | people begin to starve and many deaths occur due to lack of resources
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| Factors | can alter an environment's carrying capacity
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| Factor | technological innovations
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| Technological Innovations | can increase food productivity
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| Green Revolution | brought technological innovations that increased food productivity
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| Japan | is a country living on a small percentage of its land. only 16 percent of its physical layout can support its population of 128 million. the rest of its topography is too hilly which leads it to be very densely populated
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| Ecumene | habitable land
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| Ecumene | includes land with adequate water sources, relatively flat terrain, and available human food sources
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| Seventy Percent of the World | covered in water. Pacific, Atlantic, India, and Arctic Oceans
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| Underpopulated | Great Plains of the United States
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| Great Plains | breadbasket of the US, is sparsely populated and dominated by agriculture. yet water and food avaalibility are good.
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