blood/lymph 3/23
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| O2/CO2, nutrients/wastes, hormones, enzymes, electrolytes are transport functions of | blood
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| 2 regulatory functions of blood are | regulation of body temp and cellular water content
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| 2 protective functions of blood | protection against fluid loss (clotting) and toxins/microbes (immune system)
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| blood cell formation is called | hematopoiesis
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| 4 components of blood | erythrocytes, plasma,leukocytes, and thrombocytes
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| function of __ is transport of blood gases | erythrocytes
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| total of = 25 trillion and live for 120 days | erythrocytes
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| biconcave discs, no nucleus and contains hemoglobin | erythrocytes
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| production rate of 2 million/sec | RBC
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| RBC producion is called | erythropoiesis
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| RBC production is = to | RBC destruction
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| a condition which there is a reduced O2 carrying ability of the blood | anemia
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| low # of functional RBC an/or low hemoglobin content inside existing RBC causes | anemia
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| __anemia is from the destruction/ inhibition of the red bone marrow | Aplastic anemia
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| __anemia from the inability to produce intrinsic factor (absorption of Vit B12) | Pernicious anemia
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| __anemia from an inadequate diet (need amino acids, iron, Vit B12) | nutritional anemia
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| abnormally high # of RBC increasing the viscosity of blood causing sluggish flow | Polycythemia
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| hematocrit of 80% or more is called | polycythemia
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| increase in blood volume and RBC from hyperactivity of bone marrow (cause by marrow cancer) | Polycythemia vera
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| increase in the # of RBC as a result of loss of fluid portion of the blood (dehydration, burn, shock) | Relative polycythemia
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| chronic hypoxia triggers excess RBC production (high altitude) | Secondary polycythemia
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| 5 morphological types of Leukocytes grouped by | granular or agranular
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| __ are nucleated with no hemoglobin | Leukocytes
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| total ___=4500-11000/mm3 blood | WBC
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| fight infection via the inflammatory response is a function of | leukocytes
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| endocytosis of microbes/debris and destruction | Phagocytosis
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| ability to crawl through spaces in vascular endothelial tissue (amoeboid movement) | Diapendesis
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| the ability to respond to chemicals released from an injured area | chemotaxis
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| __ are composed of fragments of cytoplasm and organelles enclosed by a cell membrane | thrombocytes
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| __ are equipped with cytosolic enzyme systems for engergy metabolism and synthesis of secretory products | thrombocytes
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| __ contain actin and myosin which allows tightening of a clot (retraction) | thrombocytes
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| function of ___ is to prevent fluid loss by initiating a chain of reactions which create a platelet plug and or a blood clot | thrombocytes
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| refers to the processes leading to the stoppage of bleeding | hemostasis
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| 3 basic mechanisms of hemostasis | vascular spasm, the formation of platelet plug and coagulation
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| when smooth muscle contracts and reduces blood loss for up to 30 min is called | vascular spasm
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| __ is initiated by both damage to the vessel wall and sympathetic response to pain | vascular spasm
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| process by which a damaged vessel wall releases chemicals that cause platelets to adhere to one another and to the injured site | platelet plug formation
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| __ is a set of chemical casacde reasctions that produce a web of fibrin around an existing platelet plug | coagulation (clotting)
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| intrinsic and extrinsic pathways differ in stage I in which ___ is produced | prothrombin activator
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| prothrombin activator is composed of | active factor 10, factor 5 and specific phospholipids
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| ____ may be found in blood plasma or released by damaged tissue and or platelets | specific coagulation factors
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| a collection of cofactors and enzymes needed for the clotting reactions | coagulation factors
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| ___ acticate each other resulting in cascade reaction that include + feedback cucles | coagulation factors
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| the consolidation or tightening of a fibrin clot to draw the wound surfaces together | retraction (syneresis)
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| __ a prossess when threads attached to the damaged surfaces of the blood vessel contract | retraction (syneresis)
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| during the processs of ___ ruptured area becomes smaller allowing only the serum to escape | retraction (syneresis)
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| __ involves dissolution of the blood clot | fibrinolysis
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| __ collects excess protein containing interstitial cluid and returns it to the blood | lymph system
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| ___ can function of transport of fats from digestive tract to the blood | lymph system
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| ___ function of production and circulation of lymphocytes | lymph system
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| ___ filters/concentrates antigens | lymph system
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| following lymphocyte activation ___ circulates lymphocyte effector cells and their associated components | lymph system
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