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physiology 3/23
blood/lymph 3/23
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| O2/CO2, nutrients/wastes, hormones, enzymes, electrolytes are transport functions of | blood |
| 2 regulatory functions of blood are | regulation of body temp and cellular water content |
| 2 protective functions of blood | protection against fluid loss (clotting) and toxins/microbes (immune system) |
| blood cell formation is called | hematopoiesis |
| 4 components of blood | erythrocytes, plasma,leukocytes, and thrombocytes |
| function of __ is transport of blood gases | erythrocytes |
| total of = 25 trillion and live for 120 days | erythrocytes |
| biconcave discs, no nucleus and contains hemoglobin | erythrocytes |
| production rate of 2 million/sec | RBC |
| RBC producion is called | erythropoiesis |
| RBC production is = to | RBC destruction |
| a condition which there is a reduced O2 carrying ability of the blood | anemia |
| low # of functional RBC an/or low hemoglobin content inside existing RBC causes | anemia |
| __anemia is from the destruction/ inhibition of the red bone marrow | Aplastic anemia |
| __anemia from the inability to produce intrinsic factor (absorption of Vit B12) | Pernicious anemia |
| __anemia from an inadequate diet (need amino acids, iron, Vit B12) | nutritional anemia |
| abnormally high # of RBC increasing the viscosity of blood causing sluggish flow | Polycythemia |
| hematocrit of 80% or more is called | polycythemia |
| increase in blood volume and RBC from hyperactivity of bone marrow (cause by marrow cancer) | Polycythemia vera |
| increase in the # of RBC as a result of loss of fluid portion of the blood (dehydration, burn, shock) | Relative polycythemia |
| chronic hypoxia triggers excess RBC production (high altitude) | Secondary polycythemia |
| 5 morphological types of Leukocytes grouped by | granular or agranular |
| __ are nucleated with no hemoglobin | Leukocytes |
| total ___=4500-11000/mm3 blood | WBC |
| fight infection via the inflammatory response is a function of | leukocytes |
| endocytosis of microbes/debris and destruction | Phagocytosis |
| ability to crawl through spaces in vascular endothelial tissue (amoeboid movement) | Diapendesis |
| the ability to respond to chemicals released from an injured area | chemotaxis |
| __ are composed of fragments of cytoplasm and organelles enclosed by a cell membrane | thrombocytes |
| __ are equipped with cytosolic enzyme systems for engergy metabolism and synthesis of secretory products | thrombocytes |
| __ contain actin and myosin which allows tightening of a clot (retraction) | thrombocytes |
| function of ___ is to prevent fluid loss by initiating a chain of reactions which create a platelet plug and or a blood clot | thrombocytes |
| refers to the processes leading to the stoppage of bleeding | hemostasis |
| 3 basic mechanisms of hemostasis | vascular spasm, the formation of platelet plug and coagulation |
| when smooth muscle contracts and reduces blood loss for up to 30 min is called | vascular spasm |
| __ is initiated by both damage to the vessel wall and sympathetic response to pain | vascular spasm |
| process by which a damaged vessel wall releases chemicals that cause platelets to adhere to one another and to the injured site | platelet plug formation |
| __ is a set of chemical casacde reasctions that produce a web of fibrin around an existing platelet plug | coagulation (clotting) |
| intrinsic and extrinsic pathways differ in stage I in which ___ is produced | prothrombin activator |
| prothrombin activator is composed of | active factor 10, factor 5 and specific phospholipids |
| ____ may be found in blood plasma or released by damaged tissue and or platelets | specific coagulation factors |
| a collection of cofactors and enzymes needed for the clotting reactions | coagulation factors |
| ___ acticate each other resulting in cascade reaction that include + feedback cucles | coagulation factors |
| the consolidation or tightening of a fibrin clot to draw the wound surfaces together | retraction (syneresis) |
| __ a prossess when threads attached to the damaged surfaces of the blood vessel contract | retraction (syneresis) |
| during the processs of ___ ruptured area becomes smaller allowing only the serum to escape | retraction (syneresis) |
| __ involves dissolution of the blood clot | fibrinolysis |
| __ collects excess protein containing interstitial cluid and returns it to the blood | lymph system |
| ___ can function of transport of fats from digestive tract to the blood | lymph system |
| ___ function of production and circulation of lymphocytes | lymph system |
| ___ filters/concentrates antigens | lymph system |
| following lymphocyte activation ___ circulates lymphocyte effector cells and their associated components | lymph system |
Created by:
JohnPink