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Exam Semester 2

Quiz yourself by thinking what should be in each of the black spaces below before clicking on it to display the answer.
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Term
Definition
Franklin D. Roosevelt   American president that led out nation thru most of World War II before he died of complications fro polio  
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Adolf Hitler   committed suicide near end of World War II (April 30,1945); Nazi Germany's dictator that worked to restore the power of that nation in the 1930's and 1940  
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Benito Mussolini   died when Italians executed him; the only leader who didn't attend Yalta Conference  
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Douglas MacArthur   led U.S army in Pacific, stated "I shall return"; American general who helped run Japan after World War II; first general that fired during Korean War  
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Chester Nimitz   commander of U.S. Pacific Naval fleet  
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A. Phillip Randolph   African American labor leader who planned protest march on Washington D.C  
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Norman Mineta   Japanese American whose direct experience in an American detention camp fueled efforts to demand reparations from U.S  
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Edward R. Murrow   well-know radio correspondent famous for on-the-scene reports on the effects of the war in Europe  
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George S. Patton   U.S. leader of forces invading Sicily and Anzio and tank commander in North Africa  
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Dwight D. Eisenhower   commanded Allied assault in North Africa and Allied invasion of Normandy; Republicans choose him as presidential candidate in 1952, command operation overload  
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Harry S Truman   U.S President who ordered atomic bombing of Japan  
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Winston Churchill   Prime Minister of Britain during World War II  
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Paul Tibbits   commanding piolet of Enola Gay  
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Ralph Bunche   First African American to receive the Nobel Peace Prize, was honored for peace-making efforts between Arabs and Jews  
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Eleanor Roosevelt   one of the first delegates to the United Nations; a social activist  
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Hideki Tojo   Premier of Japan during World War II, later executed for war crimes  
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Adolf Eichmann   Nazi official in charge of the Jewish extermination program during WWII  
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Clement Atlee   Prime minister of Great Britain after Winston Churchill  
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David Ben-Gurion   Zionist leader who had fought for Jewish home-land since the early 1900's  
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Folke Bernadotte   Swedish count sent to the Middle East by the united Nations to mediate the Arb-Israeli War  
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Mao Zedong   Revolutionary communist leader of China  
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Ching Kai-shek   Chinese leader that fled to Taiwan to escape communism  
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Nikita Khrushchev   Soviet leader during the 1950s and1960s that encountered President Kennedy in the Cuban Missile Crisis  
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Alger Hiss   American State Department employee convicted of perjury in spy trials, sentenced to 5 years in prison  
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Julius and Ethel Rosenberg   Convicted for providing what country with atomic-energy secrets during WWII  
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Joseph McCarthy   Wisconsin Senator known for his ruthlessness; held controversial hearings in search for communists in America  
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John F. Kennedy   Democrat, voters were impressed by his record of service, selected Lyndon B. Johnson as his running mate, Roman Catholic  
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Lyndon B. Johnson   ran against Kennedy  
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Fidel Castro   In 1959 Established a communist-style dictatorship in Cube  
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Thurgood Marshall   The lawyer that argued against schools segregation before the Supreme Court  
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Rosa Parks   refused to give up a bus seat to a white person  
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Martin Luther King Jr.   civil rights movement lost its most visible and effective leader with his death, leader of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference who gave a famous speech during March on Washington  
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Orval Faubus   famous governor of Arkansas where he tried to interfere with Little Rock's school desegregation plan  
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Jackie Robinson   First African American baseball player to break the color barrier and play major league baseball  
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Diane Nash   Student Nonviolent Coordination Committee leader who worked with the Freedom Riders  
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Ross Barnett   governor of Mississippi who strongly opposed school integration  
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Medger Evers   field secretary for the NAACP who was assassinated in 1963  
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Mohandas K. Gandhi   leader of independence movement in India whos nonviolent techniques influenced Martin Luther King Jr.  
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Malcolm X   criticized the goals and strategies of mainstream civil rights organizations; "supported any means necessary" idea, turned to nonviolence late in life  
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Elijah Muhammad   became the leader of the Black Muslims in the early 1930's  
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Carl Stokes   the first African American mayor of Cleveland Ohio  
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Ralph Abernathy   he led the Resurrection City demonstration  
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James Meredith   first African American to be accepted to the University of Mississippi  
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Ho Chi Minh   plotted for Vietnamese independence during 1920's and 1930's  
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Ngo Dinh Diem   South Vietnamese president who was assassinated  
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Robert McNamara   1963 US Secretary of Defense  
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Hubert H. Humphrey   Man received the Democratic nomination for president in 1968  
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Robert Kennedy   Senator of New York; assassinated during campaign  
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Henry Kissinger   Key forgin policy advisor to Nixon; worked to improve US relationship China; won 1973 Nobel Prize for peace  
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George Mc Govern   Democrat, Air Force pilot in WWII, South Dakota senator  
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Manhattan project   Effort of group of scientist who worked on creating an atomic bomb beginning in 1942  
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Axis powers   Germany, Italy, Japan  
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Allied powers   Britain, France, Soviet Union, US  
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Rationing   Limited how much people could buy of certain products  
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Selective services and training act   Provided for the first peacetime draft in US history, requiring all men between ages 21 and 35 to register  
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War production bored   Was created to increase the production of military supplies during WWII  
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Office of war mobilization   Created to coordinate all government agencies involved in the war effort  
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Internment camps   Forced removal of people of Japanese descent to detention camps during WWII  
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Blue devils   Elite combat unit whose members were mostly Mexican Americans  
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442nd unit   One of the most decorated combat units in armed services special unit of Japaneese Americans  
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Sonar   Refinement that helped the allies in the Battle of the Atlantic  
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Wehrmacht   means German armed forces  
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Island-hopping   American tactic of attacking only strategic  
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Genocide   the deliberate annihilation of an entire people  
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kamikaze   Japanese suicide planes  
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Rosie the Riveter   Symbol of patriotic female workers who labored in defense factories  
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Office of war information   government agency that controlled the flow of war news in the United States  
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Enola Gay   airplane that dropped the first atomic bomb on Japan  
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U.S.S. Arizona   United States ship that was sunk at Pearl Harbor, December 7,1941, in which over 1,000 sailors were killed when it sank in less then 10 minutes  
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U.S.S. Missouri   official surrender of the Japanese took place aboard  
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Zionism   movement to create a Jewish homeland in Palestine  
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Zaibatsu   huge family-run corporations that monopolized Japan's economy  
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satellite nations   Eastern European countries under the control of the Soviet Union  
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containment   U.S. policy to stop the launched by Soviet Union in 1957  
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expansionism   Soviet policy of spreading communism around the world  
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Central Intelligence Agency   Strategic military and political information from other countries was gathered  
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brinkmanship   U.S. policy in 1950's that called for threatening all-out nuclear war in order to confront communist aggression  
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Red Scare   Cold War tensions sparked from fear  
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Hollywood Ten   a group of film directors and writers, who refused to answer government questions about their patriotism and political philosophies, were jailed and had there careers destroyed  
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hydrogen bomb   many Americans grew even more fearful of nuclear war when the United States and the Soviet Union both produced  
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Sputnik   first satellite in space, launched by the Soviet Union in 1957  
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North Atlantic Treaty Organization   military alliance of Western Europe nations, U.S. and Canada  
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Warsaw Pact   military alliance of Eastern European countries and the Soviet Union  
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Truman Doctrine   declared that the United States had a policy of supporting free people who resist conquest  
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Baruch Plan   proposed a special agency to inspect any nation's atomic energy plants  
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Marshall Plan   massive American aid sent to promote the recovery of Western Europe after WWII  
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Eisenhower Doctrine   offered military aid to any Middle Eastern (Arab) nation seeking help in resisting communist aggression  
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House Un-American Activates Committee   originally created in 1938 by Congress to investigate U.S citizens accused of communist ties  
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National Security Council   created to inform and advise the President on strategic military matters  
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National Defense Education Act   approved by Congress to boost American science and math instruction  
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flexible response   President kennedys entire policy of handling international crises  
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Peace Corps   Program started by President Kennedy which sent American volunteers to work for a 2 years in developing countries  
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Medicare   National health insurance program for people over 65  
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Medicaid   Free health care for the poor  
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SCLC   Alliance of church-based African American organizations that fought discriminations  
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CORE   Civil rights group from the North  
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SNCC   Student activist from the South formed a loose association  
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Sit-ins   African Americans used to protest technique which refused to leave segregated lunch counters  
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Freedom riders   Integrated group of protesters, attempted to draw attention to continue illegal segregation  
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Non-violent protest   Way to confront "the forces of hate with the power of love"  
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Black power movement   Movement that called black separatism and pride in African culture  
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Black panther party   Group called for black self defense groups against racist police oppression  
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Busing   Recommended sending children to schools outside of their neighborhoods  
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Affirmative action    
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Vietminh    
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Guerrilla warfare    
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College deferments   Common method used by most young men from higher income familes to avoid draft  
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Defoliants   American and Filipino prisoners of war were brutally beaten by Japanese  
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Vietnamization    
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Agent orange    
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Doves    
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Hawks    
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Pentagon papers    
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Madman theory    
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Veterans memorial   List the soldiers names  
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Battle of Stalingrad   German Battle both Soviet Union and US  
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Battle of midway   US won because it had broken Japanese fleet code and knew Japan's plans  
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