Summary diffusion/osmosis/cells energy (Chapter 4 text)
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| Protein | A macromolecule in living things that is made of chains of amino acids subnuits.
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| Carbohydrate | A type of carbon-based molecule in living things.
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| Nucleic Acid | One of several carbon-based molecules that carry an organism's genetic code.
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| Protein | Control the chemical activity of a cell and support growth and repair.
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| Carbohydrates | Include sugars and starches used for energy or as structural materials.
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| Composed | made up of, put together in form, ex: all living things are ______ of cells.
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| Carbohydrate | molecules contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
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| Energy | can come by means of food-sun, glucose (sugar), carbohydrates. Helps us to do things.
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| Cellular Respiration | A process in which cells use oxygen to release energy stored in sugars.
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| Fermentation | A chemical process by which cells release energy from sugar when no oxygen is present.
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| Herbicide | Effects, Kills, Damages: like vinegar on plants
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| Glucose | A sugar molecule that is a major energy source for most cells, produced by the process of photosynthesis.
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| Solvent | The part that dissolves something.
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| Solute | The material that is getting dissolved.
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| Solution | the outcome of two different items put together
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| Sustain | to keep in existence; maintain or prolong, to meet the current needs without compromising the future needs of something.
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| Repel | to keep away, stay away. Like lipid tails stay away from water.
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| Animal Cells | has mitosis phase and centrioles
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| Plant Cells | has mitosis phase but no centriole
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| 46; 23 | Every human has ___________chromosomes or ______amount of pairs
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| Passive | During_____________transport, substances are moved from areas of low concentration to high concentration
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| Active | In order for the process of passive transport to occur the cell must supply an energy source called_____________
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| Large; Endocystosis | If particles that are too ________pass easily through the membrane it can enter a cell by a process called __________.
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| Exocytosis | Large particles can leave a cell by the process called________.
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| Osmosis | The diffusion of water through a membrane
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| Cell Membrane | Materials move in and out of a cell by passing through the_________________. It allows some materials to pass but prevents others.
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| Water, Waste | A cell only survives if ______________is taken into the cell and _______________ are taken out.
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| Thermal Radiation | is the release (diffusion) of heat into the air. Ex: visible light
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| Diffusion (mixing) | the constant random motion of molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration
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| Gradient | Is the difference in concentration (cell membrane could be one). During diffusion molecules like to move down the __________.
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| Gas, Liquid, and Solid | Diffusion happens in 3 states:______,_______,_______
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| Gas | Diffusion happens the fastest in this state
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| Solid | Slowest moving diffusion. Vibrates- doesn't move a lot
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| Liquid | The 2nd fastest diffusion
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| Temperature | Rate of Diffusion: 1
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| Size of Molecule | Rate of Diffusion: 2
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| Steepness Gradient | Rate of Diffusion: 3
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| ATP | Energy made from glucose and oxygen
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| Carbohydrates, Lipids, Protein, Nucleic Acids | 4 types of Large Molecules
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| Water | A ________ molecule, consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom
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| Polar | A water molecule is also a ____________molecule
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| Lipids | Fats, Oils, Waxes found in living things.
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| Membrane; water | Cell_______are composed of special lipids that have one end that _____water.
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