Pituitary Hormones
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| Mechanisms that regulate the hypothalamus | Upper cortical inputs (CNS), Autonomic nervous system, Environmental cues (light and temperature), and Peripheral endocrine feedback
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| CRH stands for | Corticotropin Releasing Hormone
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| GHRH stands for | Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone
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| GnRH stands for | Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone
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| TRH stands for | Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone
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| SS stands for | Somatostatin
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| Name the Anterior Pituitary Hormones | FSH, LH, TSH, Prolactin, GH, ACTH
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| What does FSH do? | Estrogen in women and Spermatogenesis in men
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| What does Luteinizing Hormone do? | Regulates ovulation in women and stimulates testosterone in men
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| What does TSH do? | Increases thyroid hormone production
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| What does Prolactin do? | Induces lactation
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| What does Growth Hormone do? | Controls acral growth
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| What does Adrenocorticotropic hormone do? | Stimulates cortisol production
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| Name the posterior pituitary hormones | Vasopressin/ADH and Oxytocin
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| What does ADH do? | Prevents free water loss
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| What does oxytocin do? | Induces labor
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| When the Pituitary is not making TSH to stimulate the thyroid and thus no T4 is made, this is called... | Secondary Hypothyroidism (No TSH)
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| When the pituitary gland fails to secrete ACTH, the adrenal gland is not stimulated and as a result no cortisol is produced. This is called... | Secondary Adrenal Insuficiency (no ACTH)
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| The absence of FSH/LH causes | Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism (the problem is with the pituitary and not the gland). Consequently, estrogen and testosterone are low.
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| No GH causes | Growth Hormone Deficiency
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| No ADH/AVP causes | Diabetes Insipidus
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| Primary Hypothyroidism | Thyroid fails to make T4; TSH is high, Free T4 is low. Recommended screening for Primary is to check the TSH
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| Secondary Hypothyroidism | Pituitary gland fails to make TSH; TSH is inappropriately LOW, Free T4 is LOW, other Pituitary Hormone Deficiencies, Cannot follow TSH to adjust thyroid hormone replacement. Do not replace thyroid hormone before replacing cortisol!!!
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| Symptoms of Hypothyroidism | Cold intolerance, fatigue, heavy menstrual bleeding, weight gain, myxedema coma
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| Diagnosis of Secondary Hypothyroidism | Symptoms of hypothyroidism, Low TSH, Low T4, Other symptoms to suggest Pan-hypopituitarism
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| Adrenal Insufficiency (AI) is ______ deficiency | Cortisol
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| Primary Adrenal Insufficiency is known as | Addison's Disease. The adrenal gland does not respond to ACTH and does not make adrenal hormones. ACTH is HIGH
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| Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency | Pituitary does not make ACTH; adrenal is not stimulated to make cortisol (may be a big tumor present)
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| Tertiary Adrenal Insufficiency | Suppression of CRH and ACTH by exogenous cortisol use (like prednisone, Hypothalamus/Pituitary axis is asleep and can take up to 6 months to awaken)
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| Addison's Disease symptoms | Are based on hypocortisolism and hypoaldosteronism. Fatigue, Hypotension, Hyponatremia, Hyperkalemia (b/c you don't have aldosterone), Hyperpigmentation (from ACTH), death
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Created by:
bwyche